chap 6 Flashcards
Active Site
enzyme’s specific region to which the substrate binds
Activation energy
energy necessary for reactions to occur
coenzyme
small organic molecule, such as a vitamin or its derivative, which is required to enhance an enzyme’s activity
Cofactor
inorganic ion, such as iron and magnesium ions, required for optimal enzyme activity regulation
Competitive inhibition
type of inhibition in which the inhibitor competes with the substrate molecule by binding to the enzyme’s active site
endergonic
describes chemical reactions that require energy input
exergonic
describes chemical reactions that release free energy
kinetic energy
energy type that takes place with objects or particles in motion
Substrate
molecule on which the enzyme acts
Potential energy
energy type that has the potential to do work; stored energy
What is and what does an enzyme do?
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. enzymes cannot bind with different substrates, they’re very particular. Temp, salt concentration, and pH can affect the enzyme.
describe what is meant by enzyme inhibition?
Alters an enzyme function by changing it shape; does not bind to active site but binds elsewhere on enzymes.
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed. It is constantly being transferred or transformed
What is the second law of thermodynamics?
Energy transformations increases the entropy disorder of universe. Energy changes are not 100% efficient. Some energy is used for heat.
What is ATP?
Adenosine Triphosphate
The hydrolysis of ATP is EXERgonic. Which means it releases energy which can then be used to fuel other reactions. Atp drives all three of cellular work. Chemical, mechanical, and transport.
