Chap 34-BOOK (Part 2)

Question 1

It is usually acquired by ingestion of contaminated water or via person-to-person spread. Because the organ- ism lives in mountain streams, campers and others who engage in outdoor activities are at risk of infection if they drink contaminated water.

Answer 1

G. lamblia

Question 2

Yield of finding the parasite is higher if _ are obtained through endoscopy or the string test.

Answer 2

duodenal aspirates

Question 3

Can cause GI and disseminated dse. characterized by fever and bloody diarrhea

Answer 3

E. histolytica

Question 4

Causes an illness characterized by abdominal cramping, watery diarrhea, vomiting, fever, and anorexia.

Answer 4

Cryptosporidium parvum

Question 5

Associated with outbreaks of diarrhea from contaminated water, food, and produce

Answer 5

Cyclospora cayetanensis

Question 6

Most cases are self-limited and consist of watery diarrhea and abdominal cramps in healthy individuals

Answer 6

Cystoisospora belli

Question 7

This organism is an important cause of diarrhea in immunocompromised individuals, particularly in patients with AIDS.

Answer 7

Microsporidia

Question 8

Associated with eating contaminated sushi or sashimi.

Answer 8

Anisakis infection

Question 9

Associated with eating contaminated sushi or sashimi.

Answer 9

Anisakis infection

Question 10

Chemical intoxications are often associated with fish consumption is the typical presentation of

Answer 10

Scombroid

Question 11

Caused by a toxin, ciguatoxin, produced by dino- flagellate (associated with eating snapper, sea bass, grouper or barracuda(

Answer 11

Ciguatera

Question 12

Associated with eating contaminated clams, mussels, and scallops

Answer 12

Paralytic shellfish poisoning

Question 13

One of the deadliest toxins can be found in the puffer fish

Answer 13

Tetrodotoxin

Question 14

enerally do not cause disease in healthy indi- viduals, but cause significant disease in a susceptible host.

Answer 14

Opportunistic pathogens

Question 15

Typically causes pulmonary disease, can disseminate and cause infection of the GI tract in immunocompromised individuals.

Answer 15

Mycobacterial disease

Question 16

Opportunistic virus that can lead to diarrhea. Can cause esophageal ulcers leading to painful swallowing and colitis

Answer 16

CMV

Question 17

Preservative for Ova and Parasite

Answer 17

Polyvinyl alcohol or formalin

Question 18

If rectal swabs are to be processed, this medium is used for transportation

Answer 18

Cary Blair

Question 19

If rectal swabs are to be processed, this medium is used for transportation

Answer 19

Cary Blair

Question 20

Presence of gram-negative, curved rods with a seagull wing appearance suggest

Answer 20

Campylobacter and Vibrio

Question 21

Hanging drop is used for

Answer 21

C. jejuni

Question 22

Darting motility may be seen in

Answer 22

E. histolytica

Question 23

Grows best at 42°C in an atmosphere of reduced oxygen content (5% to 10%), which makes them microaerophilic organisms.

Answer 23

C. jejuni

Question 24

Fragile and do not survive well outside the human host for long periods of time.

Answer 24

Shigella

Question 25

Normal inhabitant of the human GI tract.

Answer 25

E. coli

Question 26

Grow well at cooler temperatures of 25° C. The use of certain selective media, such as cefsulodin-irgasan-novobiocin (CIN) agar

Answer 26

Yersinia spp.

Question 27

Require highly selective media for recovery. inoculated on thiosulfate– citrate–bile salts–sucrose (TCBS) agar for maximal yield.

Answer 27

Vibrio spp.

Question 28

Produces yellow, ground-glass colonies on cycloserine-cefoxitin-fructose agar.

Answer 28

C. difficile

Question 29

The best hydration solution contains both

Answer 29

Glucose and Sodium

Question 30

IV infusion must be an

Answer 30

Isotonic solution

Question 31

Can be effective in shortening the course of traveler’s diarrhea, especially when caused by ETEC

Answer 31

Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)

Question 32

A short course of a macrolide

Answer 32

azithromycin

Question 33

Two pathogens have been effectively targeted by a vaccine to help decrease the burden of disease,

Answer 33

Rotavirus and Salmonella typhi

Question 34

Media used to recover Enterobacteriaceae

Answer 34

MacConkey Agar

Question 35

Highly selective medium to recover primarily Salmonella and Shigella spp.; contains indicators to detect hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production

Answer 35

Hektoen enteric (HE) agar

Question 36

Differential and selective medium to isolate Salmonella and Shigella spp

Answer 36

Xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agar

Question 37

Enrichment-selective medium primarily to isolate and cultivate Campylobacter spp.

Answer 37

Campylobacter blood agar (CAMPY-BA)

Question 38

Selective medium primarily to isolate and recover Yersinia enterocolitica and Aeromonas spp

Answer 38

Cefsulodin-irgasan- novobiocin (CIN)

Question 39

Highly selective medium to recover Vibrio spp., including Vibrio cholerae

Answer 39

Thiosulfate–citrate–bile salts–sucrose agar (TCBS)

Question 40

Selective medium to isolate primarily Clostridium difficile

Answer 40

Cycloserine–cefoxitin– fructose agar (CCFA),

Question 41

ifferential medium to detect sorbitol- negative Escherichia coli

Answer 41

Sorbitol-MacConkey (SMAC) agar