chap. 2 : combi et dénombrement Flashcards

1
Q

Ensemble E

A

collection d’éléments distincts x

s’écrit avec des accolades

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2
Q

Partie d’un ensemble E (sous-ensemble)

A

ensemble F tel que tous les éléments de F appartiennent aussi à E. F est inclus dans E

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3
Q

Réunion de 2 éléments A U B

A

éléments qui appartiennent à A ou à B

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4
Q

intersection de 2 éléments A ∩ B

A

éléments qui appartiennent à la fois à A et à B = éléments communs aux deux

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5
Q

cardinal d’un ensemble E card(E)=n

A

nb d’éléments qui composent E

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6
Q

Si l’ensemble E est fini, cela veut dire …

A

qu’il est composé de n éléments

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7
Q

2 ensembles disjoints

A

= intersection vide

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7
Q

2 ensembles disjoints

A

= intersection vide : A ∩ B = ∅

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8
Q

ensemble à un élément

A

singleton

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9
Q

ensemble à 2 éléments

A

paire

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10
Q

Si A ∩ B = ∅, alors card(A u B)

A

card(A) + card(B)

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11
Q

si A ∩ B n’est pas égal à ∅ alors card(A u B)

A

= card(A) + card(B) - card (A ∩ B)

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12
Q

p-uplet ou p-liste

A

collection ordonnée de E

s’écrit avec des parenthèses

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13
Q

2-uplet

A

couple

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14
Q

3-uplet

A

triplet

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15
Q

produit cartésien E X F

A

Ensemble des couples (x;y) tels que x appartient à E et y à F

16
Q

Si E et F = ensembles finis, alors card(E X F)

A

= card(E) x card (F)

17
Q

nombre de k-uplets de E

A

= n^k

18
Q

nb de k-uplets d’éléments deux à deux distincts de E

A

n x (n-1) x (n - k + 1)