Chap 2 Flashcards
Who stated, “…that man through the use of his hands as they are energized by his mind and will can influence the state of his own health”?
Reilly
T/F: According to research synthesized by Shikako-Thomas et. Al, children with disabilities are more likely to participate in informal activities, like reading and television, than formal activities, like art lessons and organized sports.
True
What is the study of human beings and their relationship to their environments?
Human Ecology
What refers to the contexts and situations that occur outside individuals and elicit responses from them, including personal, institutional, and physical factors?
environments
Which term refers to the congruence between a person and their environment?
Environmental fit
Which theory suggests that optimal fit of activity and environment to a person’s goals, interests, and skills can lead to optimal participation in health?
Ecological theories ?
Which approach uses operant conditioning in highly controlled environments in which a therapist gives a child an instruction and rewards the child for an appropriate response?
Applied Behavioral Interventions
Which approach uses the environment to stimulate a child’s interest; once play occurs, the therapist creates challenges and rewards the child for their attempts?
Incidental Teaching
Which approach has an emphasis on methods to promote generalization of learning by interspersing mastered tasks with learned tasks?
Pivotal Response Training
Which type of approach is described in this intervention: building active range of motion?
Bottom-Up
Which type of approach is described in this intervention: handwriting activities?
Bottom-Up
. Which type of approach is described in this intervention: workspace modification?
Top-down
Which type of approach is described in this intervention: social story recommendation?
Bottom-Up
Which protective factor is supported by this strategy: supporting fathers in nurturing roles?
Nurturing and attachment
Which protective factor is supported by this strategy: modeling desirable behaviors?
Knowledge of parenting and child development
Which protective factor is supported by this strategy: stress management techniques?
Parental resilience
Which protective factor is supported by this strategy: encouraging parents to join a playgroup?
Societal connections
Which protective factor is supported by this strategy: suggesting disability group resources to parents?
Concrete supports for parents
Which protective factor is supported by this strategy: praising parents for nurturing behaviors?
emotional competence of children
What describes a systematic process of progressive acquisition of a new behavior through performance of successive acts that collectively represent a more advanced skill?
Shaping
What describes the process of using reinforcement to modify behavior?
Instrumental/operant learning
What describes the sequence of a stimulus reaction, then a behavioral response, followed by an environmental consequence?
Contingency of Behavior
What approach uses a functional behavioral assessment to identify antecedents to a behavior that can be removed or modified from the environment?
Positive behavioral supports
Which experience is best described in this intervention: Sally, an occupational therapy assistant, brings her client to a quiet and secluded corner. There, Sally directs the client to stack three blocks vertically in a color-coded sequence. Upon completing the task, Sally rewards her client with a handful of goldfish crackers.-
shaping techniques/operant learning
Which experience is best described in this intervention: Josh, the occupational therapy assistant, prepares the classroom with a variety of fine motor manipulatives in advance. Josh brings his client in, and allows them to explore the environment. As Josh’s client selects different activities, Josh creates a challenge within the activity and supports his client to explore potential solutions.
Cognitive approach
T/F: Cognitive approaches are preferred for children younger than 5 years old.
F
Which approach encourages the modification of the demands of a task and environment to be congruent with a child’s ability level?
Adaptation approach
What is defined as a reciprocal process between a professional and a learner that allows the learner to discover their own solutions?
Coaching
Handwriting is an example of what kind of task?
Complex task: integration of info from a variety of sources and the application of underlying rules that guide the performance
Cutting out a shape using scissors is an example of what kind of task?
closed-loop task
Playing the piano is an example of what kind of task?
Environment stationary? closed-loop task
Which type of extrinsic feedback would include a therapist telling their client a basketball is not being thrown high enough to make it into the basket?
Knowledge of result
Which type of extrinsic feedback is told to extend his arm to successfully make a basket with a basketball?
Knowledge of performance
T/F: According to research, extrinsic feedback supports autonomy in task completion
False- intrinsic
Reduced, intermittent feedback helps children perform their best.
Reduced, intermittent feedback helps children perform their best.
Which intervention is most appropriate for school-age children with behavioral problems to support improved social participation and peer relationships?
Yoga dyads
Which intervention is most appropriate for school-age children with low social skills to support improved social participation and peer relationships?
arts and crafts groups
Which intervention is most appropriate for middle school students with delayed social skills to support improved social participation and peer relationships?
After school, groups or cooking groups
Which intervention is most appropriate for high school students with delayed social skills to support improved social participation and peer relationships?
cooking groups
Which intervention is most appropriate for young adults with autism to support improved social participation and peer relationships?
special interests clubs
