Chap 18 Flashcards
What are Hormones?
Chemical messengers secreted by endocrine glands into the bloodstream that regulate various physiological processes such as growth, metabolism, and homeostasis.
What is Aldosterone?
A mineralocorticoid hormone released by the adrenal cortex that regulates sodium and water balance by increasing sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion in the kidneys.
What is the function of Aldosterone?
Helps to maintain blood pressure by regulating sodium and water balance.
What are the hormones of the Adrenal Medulla?
Epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline).
What is the function of Epinephrine and Norepinephrine?
Enhance the sympathetic nervous system response, including increased heart rate, dilation of airways, and mobilization of glucose.
What is the function of Growth Hormone (GH)?
Stimulates growth of bones, muscles, and tissues; promotes protein synthesis.
What role does Testosterone play in the body?
Responsible for male secondary sexual characteristics; promotes muscle and bone growth.
What is the function of Insulin?
Lowers blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake by cells.
What is the function of Glucagon?
Raises blood glucose levels by stimulating glycogen breakdown in the liver.
