Chap 21 Flashcards
What is Mean Arterial Blood Pressure (MAP)?
The average pressure in the arteries that drives blood flow to tissues.
What is the formula for Mean Arterial Blood Pressure (MAP)?
MAP = (Cardiac Output × Vascular Resistance)
What factors determine Vascular Resistance?
- Length of blood vessels: Longer vessels = higher resistance
- Diameter of blood vessels: Smaller diameter = higher resistance
- Viscosity of blood: Thicker blood = more resistance
Where is blood flow slowest and why?
In capillaries to allow time for nutrient and gas exchange.
Where is the lowest blood pressure found?
In veins, specifically the large veins near the heart.
What are Baroreceptors and where are they located?
Baroreceptors are located in the aorta and internal carotid arteries.
What is the function of Baroreceptors?
Monitor blood pressure by detecting changes in arterial wall stretch.
How does oxygen enter cells?
Through simple diffusion (movement from high to low concentration).
What is Blood Colloid Osmotic Pressure (BCOP)?
Pulls fluid back into capillaries due to plasma proteins like albumin.
What is Blood Hydrostatic Pressure (BHP)?
Pushes fluid out of capillaries into the interstitial fluid.
What is Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP)?
A hormone released by the atria of the heart.
What is the function of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP)?
Lowers blood pressure by promoting vasodilation and reducing blood volume.
Fill in the blank: Oxygen enters cells through _______.
simple diffusion
True or False: Blood flow is fastest in the capillaries.
False
