Chap 17 Transcription, Translation,

Question 0

DNA is copied into

Answer 0

mRNA

Question 1

Where does transcription occur

Answer 1

Nucleus

Question 2

Translation takes place in the

Answer 2

Cytoplasm

Question 3

mRNA is copied into

Answer 3

Amino acids

Question 4

How many mRNA bases make one amino acid

Answer 4

3

Question 5

Nucleotide triplets are also called

Answer 5

Codons

Question 6

Thiamine in DNA is replaced by what in RNA

Answer 6

Uracil

Question 7

A polymer of amino acids is a

Answer 7

Polypeptide/ protein

Question 8

How many codon triplets can be made

Answer 8

64

Question 9

How ,many amino acids are there

Answer 9

20

Question 10

How many codonsmofmthe 64 translate to stop signals

Answer 10

3

Question 11

How many of the 64 codons translate to methionine (start signal)

Answer 11

1

Question 12

What enzyme copies template stand of DNA to make RNA

Answer 12

RNA polymerase

Question 13

How many stages are in transcription

Answer 13

3

Question 14

What are the three stages of transcription

Answer 14

Initiation
Elongation
Termination

Question 15

What stage does RNA pol. Bind to promoter

Answer 15

Initiation

Question 16

What stage of transcription does the RNA stand gain nucleotides

Answer 16

Elongation

Question 17

What stage of transcription does RNA pol. detach

Answer 17

Termination

Question 18

What is the tata box

Answer 18

DNA sequence that RNA pol. attaches to, to initiate transcription

Question 19

What are the 3 post transcription steps before the RNA leaves the nucleus.

Answer 19

A guanine cap is added
A poly A tail is added
The mRNA is spliced

Question 20

What enzyme splices mRNA

Answer 20

Spliceosome

Question 21

What is an Exon

Answer 21

Portion of mRNA that is kept to be translated

Question 22

What is an intron

Answer 22

Portion of non coding mRNA that is removed at splicing

Question 23

When an intron is left in and an Exon is cut out to code for alternative proteins is called

Answer 23

Alternative splicing

Question 24

What is tRNA, and what do they do

Answer 24

Transfer RNA, translates codons into amino acid sequences

Question 25

What portion of the tRNA binds to codons

Answer 25

Anticodons

Question 26

What are the sub units of ribosomes

Answer 26

Large and small sub unites

Question 27

What does the small sub unit do

Answer 27

Bonds to mRNA codons

Question 28

What does the large sub unit do

Answer 28

Bonds to tRNA then and continuously bonds amino acids brought by tRNA

Question 29

What type of bonds does the large sub unit create when binding amino acids

Answer 29

Peptide bonds

Question 30

Translation only codes from what to what codon

Answer 30

Start to stop

Question 31

What is a mutation

Answer 31

Any error in the DNA sequence

Question 32

Causes of mutation

Answer 32

Mistake in division, replication, or translation

Question 33

Any physical or chemical agent that alters DNA

Answer 33

Mutagen

Question 34

Mutation that does not change the peptide arrangement

Answer 34

Silent mutation

Question 35

Frame shifts

Answer 35

Mutation caused by an addition or deletion of of one base pair