Chap 16 DNA Structure, Replication, Packeging

Question 0

RNA function

Answer 0

Transfer info between DNA and the protein synthesis

Question 1

Initial code For synthesis proteins

Answer 1

DNA

Question 2

Molecular biology

Answer 2

Study of DNA and heredity

Question 3

Who and when was the first to find evidence of DNA being the hereditary molecule.

Answer 3

British medical officer Frederick Griffith

Question 4

Griffiths phenomenon of TRANSFORMATION is now called

Answer 4

Assimilation of external DNA

Question 5

How did Oswald Avery identify the substance that caused “transformation”

Answer 5

Focusing on DNA RNA and protein he inactivated each of them in different testes and based on which bacteria did not transform he ruled out protein and RNA.

Question 6

What was the “transforming” substance that Oswald Avery found

Answer 6

DNA

Question 7

A virus that infects bacteria

Answer 7

Bacteriophages

Question 8

In 1952 Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase found that

Answer 8

DNA was the genetic material of bacteriophages(viruses)

Question 9

What radioactive isotope was incorporate in the phage protein

Answer 9

Sulfur 35

Question 10

What radioactive isotope was incorporated into phage DNA

Answer 10

Phosphorus 32

Question 11

Why was Hersheys and Chases experiment landmark

Answer 11

Provided powerful evidence that DNA was the genetic material and not protein

Question 12

What year did biochemist Edwin Chargaff come up with “Chargaff’s rules”.

Answer 12

1950

Question 13

What was Chargaff’s first rule

Answer 13

The base(base pair ) composition of DNA varies between species

Question 14

What was Chargaff’s second rule

Answer 14

Within a species the number of A and T base pairs are equal and
the number of G and C base pairs are equal.

Question 15

What were Watson and Crick’s accomplishment

Answer 15

Finding the structure of DNA

Question 16

What technique showed the first evidence of a double helix

Answer 16

X-ray crystallography

Question 17

Whos picture of DNA showed Watson and Crick the double helix

Answer 17

Rosalind Franklin

Question 18

purines

Answer 18

Adenine and Guanine

Question 19

pyrimidines

Answer 19

Thymine and cytosine

Question 20

Base pair of Thymine

Answer 20

Adenine

Question 21

Base pair of Guanine

Answer 21

Cytosine

Question 22

Series of DNA segments on the lagging strand are called

Answer 22

Okazaki fragments

Question 23

Where are telomeres located on DNA

Answer 23

The ends

Question 24

What does telomerase do

Answer 24

Catalyzes the lengthening of telomeres in ukaryotic germ cells

Question 25

What direction must DNA polymerase

Answer 25

5’ to 3’

Question 26

Why do histones and DNA bind so tightly

Answer 26

Because histones have strong positive charges that bond tightly to negativly charged DNA.

Question 27

DNA tightly wrapped around 4 histones

Answer 27

Nucleosome

Question 28

3 by 3 fiber of nucleosomes is a

Answer 28

3o-nm fiber

Question 29

Looped domains are

Answer 29

A series of 30-nm fibers attached to a chromosome scaffold

Question 30

Looped domain coil and fold to creat

Answer 30

Metaphase chromosomes

Question 31

Helicase

Answer 31

DNA and seperates hydrogen bonds Of base pairs

Question 32

Single strand binding protein

Answer 32

Keeps double bonds from reforming

Question 33

Primase

Answer 33

Places RNA primer

Question 34

DNA polymerase attaches build new strand of DNA that corespondent to the

Answer 34

build new strand of DNA that corespondent to the Template strand

Question 35

What enzyme unwinds the helix so replication does not destroy the strand

Answer 35

Topoisomerase

Question 36

Ligase

Answer 36

Bonds DNA on lagging strand