Chap 17

Question 1

The alimentary canal extends between what two points?
A) The mouth to the large intestine
B) The stomach to the small intestine
C) The liver to the gallbladder
D) The mouth to the anus

Answer 1

D) The mouth to the anus

Question 2

What is a function of the digestive system?
A) Ingests and breaks down food, absorbs nutrients, and defecates the unabsorbed
material.
B) Mechanically and chemically assembles food from absorbed nutrients.
C) Sends cellular debris to lysosomes.
D) Absorbs nutrients in the mouth, pharynx, esophagus and stomach, and releases
nutrients in the intestines.

Answer 2

A) Ingests and breaks down food, absorbs nutrients, and defecates the unabsorbed
material.

Question 3

What is the correct sequence for the layers in the walls of the alimentary canal from
innermost to outermost?
A) Mucosa, muscular layer, serosa, submucosa
B) Mucosa, submucosa, muscular layer, serosa
C) Serosa, muscular layer, mucosa, submucosa
D) Submucosa, mucosa, serosa, muscular layer

Answer 3

B) Mucosa, submucosa, muscular layer, serosa

Question 4

The__________ is the layer of the alimentary canal wall that absorbs nutrients.
A) mucosa
B) submucosa
C) muscular layer
D) serosa

Answer 4

A) mucosa

Question 5

Where does peristalsis occur in the digestive tract?
A) From the pharynx to the anus
B) In the stomach and small intestine only
C) In the small and large intestines only
D) In the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine

Answer 5

A) From the pharynx to the anus

Question 6

The mechanical breakup of food particles in the mouth is called__________.
A) mastication
B) salivation
C) peristalsis
D) absorption

Answer 6

A) mastication

Question 7

If you take a piece of white bread and chew it slowly for a long period of time, the flavor will
become very sweet. This is due to the starch molecules in the bread being digested into
smaller sugars that trigger a sweet sensation. Which substance is responsible for this
breakdown?
A) Salivary amylase
B) Mucus
C) Bicarbonate ions
D) Pepsin

Answer 7

A) Salivary amylase

Question 8

What is a function of saliva?
A) Absorbing fat from ingested food
B) Cleansing the esophagus
C) Breaking food into smaller pieces
D) Beginning the chemical digestion of carbohydrates

Answer 8

D) Beginning the chemical digestion of carbohydrates

Question 9

The epiglottis is attached to the__________.
A) esophagus
B) trachea
C) pharynx
D) larynx

Answer 9

D) larynx

Question 10

What is the main part of the stomach is called?
A) Fundus
B) Pylorus
C) Cardia
D) Body

Answer 10

D) Body

Question 11

Which of the following is not a function of the liver?
A) Maintaining blood glucose concentration
B) Formation of urea
C) Secretion of bile
D) Secretion of insulin

Answer 11

D) Secretion of insulin

Question 12

Which of the following is true about bile?
A) Cholecystokinin stimulates its production.
B) Secretin stimulates its release into the duodenum.
C) It contains concentrated enzymes that digest carbohydrates.
D) It is produced by the liver.

Answer 12

D) It is produced by the liver.

Question 13

Which constituent of bile has a digestive function?
A) Bile salts
B) Bile pigments
C) Cholesterol
D) Electrolytes

Answer 13

A) Bile salts

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of the liver?
A) It forms glucose from noncarbohydrates.
B) It stores vitamin C.
C) It produces red blood cells.
D) It secretes chymotrypsin.

Answer 14

A) It forms glucose from noncarbohydrates.

Question 15

The common hepatic duct and the cystic duct unite to form the__________.
A) common bile duct
B) hepatic duct
C) hepatopancreatic duct
D) pancreatic duct

Answer 15

A) common bile duct

Question 16

Why might gallstones form?
A) Because bile is too concentrated
B) Because hepatic cells secrete too much HCl
C) Because the pH of the gallbladder becomes too alkaline
D) Because the liver is lacerated

Answer 16

A) Because bile is too concentrated

Question 17

What is usually a major component of gallstones?
A) Calcium salts
B) Uric acid
C) Cholesterol
D) Bile pigments

Answer 17

C) Cholesterol

Question 18

Bile salts function like detergents in that they__________ fat globules.
A) emulsify
B) coagulate
C) digest
D) liquefy

Answer 18

A) emulsify

Question 19

The greater omentum is composed of the__________ membrane.
A) peritoneal
B) pericardial
C) pleural
D) hiatal

Answer 19

A) peritoneal

Question 20

The major mixing movement in the small intestine is accomplished by__________.
A) peristalsis
B) churning
C) segmentation
D) mass movement

Answer 20

C) segmentation

Question 21

What is one of the functions of the large intestine?
A) To secrete digestive enzymes
B) To absorb ingested water
C) To regulate the release of bile
D) To break down hemoglobin

Answer 21

B) To absorb ingested water

Question 22

Enlarged blood vessels of the anal columns are called__________.
A) peritonitis
B) hemorrhoids
C) diarrhea
D) polyps

Answer 22

B) hemorrhoids

Question 23

Feces are about__________ percent water.
A) 25
B) 33
C) 50
D) 75

Answer 23

D) 75

Question 24

What changes in the mouth occur due to aging?
A) Overgrowth of gums
B) Thinning enamel
C) Thinning cementum
D) Shrinking dentin

Answer 24

B) Thinning enamel

Question 25

How is hepatitis B transmitted? A) Contact with infected feces B) Sexual activity C) Infected food D) Travel to developing countries

Answer 25

B) Sexual activity

Question 26

Jaundice is the abnormal yellowish-tint of tissues, such as the sclera of the eye. Jaudice is due to the accumulation of what substance? A) Cholesterol B) Bile pigments C) Carotene D) Hemoglobin A

Answer 26

B) Bile pigments

Question 27

Hepatitis C accounts for nearly half the known causes of hepatitis. How is hepatitis C transmitted? A) Coming in contact with infected saliva B) Eating infected food C) Coming in contact with infected blood D) Having sexual intercouse with an infected person

Answer 27

C) Coming in contact with infected blood

Question 28

An X-ray series of the bile ducts is called a__________. A) cholangiogram B) cholecystogram C) cholecystectomy D) cholelithiasis

Answer 28

A) cholangiogram

Question 29

The salivary glands secrete the enzyme__________ that breaks down__________. A) amylase; carbohydrates B) pepsin; proteins C) sucrase; sucrose D) lipase; lipids

Answer 29

A) amylase; carbohydrates

Question 30

Where are nucleic acids chemically digested? A) In the mouth B) In the stomach C) In the small intestine D) In the large intestine

Answer 30

C) In the small intestine