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Bio 30 > Chap 14 > Flashcards

Chap 14 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Gonads male

A

1) organs that produce gametes (testes and sperm)
2) produce sex hormones
•control the development and function of repro system

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2
Q

Male sex characteristics

A

Primary: anatomy -direct role
Secondary: physical changes (puberty)
•indirect

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3
Q

Gonads

A

Testes/ovaries
•organs that produce reproductive cells ~spend/egg
-gametes

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4
Q

Sex hormones

A

Chemical compounds that control development or function of reproductive system
•primary
•secondary

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5
Q

The testes -external

A
  • the testes
  • scrotum
  • seminiferous tubules
  • sertoli cells
  • epididymis
  • ductus deferents
  • ejaculatory duct
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6
Q

Testes (plural)

A

Two male gonads

-OUTSIDE body ——-scrotum

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7
Q

Scrotum

A

Pouch of skin OUT of the body holding the testes
•regulates temperature (success at 35 C)
-cold=clings close
-hot= loosely away

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8
Q

Seminiferous tubules

A 
Long/coiled tubes IN the TESTES
•hormone secreting cells called 
{interstitial cells} rest between the tubes.
•secrete testosterone 
•sperm producing
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9
Q

Sertoli cells

A

SUPPORTING cells
•nourish developing sperm cells
-line seminiferous walls

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10
Q

Epididymis

A

In each testes/ speed are transported to this duct
-sperm become mature and motile here
•stored

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11
Q

Ductus Deferens

A

Storage duct
•connected to epididymis
•leads to penis

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12
Q

Ejaculatory duct

A

Leads deferens to PENIS
•also “vas deferens”
-mature and store sperm
-carried sperm to penis (in the scrotum)

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13
Q

The penis -external-

A
  • penis

* foreskin

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14
Q

Penis

A

Male organ used for sexual intercourse
•transfer speed from male to female tract
•enlarged tip called glans penis

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15
Q

Foreskin

A

Surround penis in a sheath of skin
•no function for reproduction—— circumcision
-erect due to arousal =blood flow

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16
Q

Seminal fluid

A
  • seminal vesicle
  • prostate gland
  • semen
  • urethra
  • ejaculation
  • cowpers gland
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17
Q

Seminal vesicle

A

Produce mucus like fluid
-contains FRUCTOSE
—-provides NRG for sperm

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18
Q

Prostate gland

A

Secrete mucus fluid to neutralize urine acids (urethra)
•pH
-alkaline and mucoid fluid

19
Q

Cowper’s gland

A

Mucus like fluid
•lubricant
•alkaline and mucoid fluids to semen

20
Q

Semen

A

Combination of sperm cells and fluids
-enters urethra
(Parasympathetic and sympathetic)

21
Q

Urethra

A

Is a duct that carried fluid through the penis
-semen enters through ductus deferens
•shared urinary and repro system

22
Q

Ejaculation

A

Sensory stimulation/arousal/co-ordinated muscular contractions ALL combine to trigger ejaculations
•semen leaves penis (target: vagina)

23
Q

Sperm cells

A

Carried genetic material from father
(23chromosomes)
~100 million sperm per day

24
Q

Sertoli cells

A

INSIDE the tubules beside the maturing spent and provided nourishment

25
Q

Interstitial cells

A

Located OUT the tubules and secretes TESTOSTERONE

-triangle shaped

26
Q

Pathway males

A 
Spermatogenesis
(In seminiferous)
-epididymis 
-ductus deferens 
-seminal vesicle 
-prostate
-cowpers
-ejaculatory duct—->urethra
27
Q

Development

A

Embryo ;XY MALE

Puberty; 1&2 characteristics included

28
Q

Female sex characteristics

A

Primary: anatomy
Secondary: puberty

29
Q

Ovaries

A

Ovary

  • follicles
  • fimbriae
  • oviduct
30
Q

Ovary

A

Internal
-produce limited gametes in life
-make and store the Ova (EGG)
-provide safe environment for fertilization/nourishment for fetus
•OOGENESIS
•FEMALE HORMONES (progesterone&estrogen)

31
Q

Meiosis

A

Zygote (2n)

32
Q

Follicles

A

SINGLE ovum develops within it
•each month 1 mature follicle releases 1 I un into oviduct
•ovulation= if egg fertilizes a corpus luteum is present

33
Q

Fimbriae

A

SWEEPS THE Ovum FROM OVARY INTO OVIDUCT

34
Q

Oviduct

A

(Fallopian tube)
•muscular tube connecting ovaries to uterus
•moved down Fallopian tube by cilia and muscle
•contractions
•site if FERTILIZATION—-zygote

35
Q

Uterus:Vagina

A
  • uterus
  • endometrium
  • cervicale
  • vagina
36
Q

Uterus

A

(Womb)
•hollow:muscle
•pear shape and size
•HOLD and Nourish a fetus developing

37
Q

Endometrium

A 
Inner lining of UTERUS
•nutrient rich blood material
•zygote attaches implanted 
•embryo= zygote becomes an embryo
-blood vessels 
•SHED in menstruation
38
Q

Cervix

A

BASE of uterus
•secretes music that can facilitate or prevent the entrance of sperm depending on menstruel cycle
•holding baby in uterus
•susceptible to cancer (pap test)

39
Q

Vagina

A

~8-10cm long
-men’s that flow/birth of child/ penis deposits sperm
•slightly acidic to help from bacteria growth

40
Q

Vulva (external)

A
  • labia (2)

* clitoris

41
Q

Labia

A

Skin folds that protect vaginal opening
•outer= labia MAJORA
•inner=labia MINORA

42
Q

Clitoris

A

Arousal centre/ firms up

43
Q

Pathway female

A

Ovary

  • ovulation-
  • oviduct
  • uterus
  • cervix
  • vagina

(Same with pregnancy but elongated)

44
Q

Development female

A

Embryo ; XX
Puberty; primary and secondary sex characteristics
-menstruation begins

Bio 30 (10 decks)

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