chap 12

Question 1

microscope should be __ w/c image should remain in focus even objectives are changed

Answer 1

parfocal

Question 2

has visible light passes through specimen and has glass lenses and focus light ray

Answer 2

light microscope

Question 3

to effectively visualize cells through light microscopy at least ___ of specimen are required

Answer 3

10 raised 5 cells per milliliter

Question 4

unit for the size of bacteria

Answer 4

micrometer

Question 5

within eyepiece lens of light microscope

Answer 5

ocular micrometer

Question 6

measure of relative velocity

Answer 6

refractive index

Question 7

most common light microscope

Answer 7

brightfield microscope- produces dark image despite of the brighter bg

Question 8

magnification lens of brightfield M

Answer 8

ocular (eyepiece) = 10x
objectives: low power = 10x
high power= 40x
oil immersion=100x

Question 9

enhance resolution of microscope

Answer 9

cedar wood oil

Question 10

fill space between objective lens and glass slides

Answer 10

cedar wood oil

Question 11

prevent light rays

Answer 11

cedar wood oil

Question 12

resolution is determined by

Answer 12

numerical aperture and wavelength of light

Question 13

It permits a detailed examination of internalstructures in livingorganisms.

Answer 13

phase contrast microscope

Question 14

usedtoidentify medicallysignificantfungigrownin a culture.

Answer 14

phase contrast microscope

Question 15

usedtoidentify medicallysignificantfungigrownin a culture.

Answer 15

phase contrast microscope

Question 16

Staining is not includedin this type of microscopy, hence, it canbe used to examine unstained living cells.

Answer 16

phase contrast microscope

Question 17

It has the same magnification as the dark-field microscope.

Answer 17

phase contrast microscope

Question 18

involves the excitation of fluorochromes using light.

Answer 18

fluoroscence microscope

Question 19

fluoroscence microscope magnification and designed to observe

Answer 19

10x to 400x
chlamydia
legionella
mycobacteria
fungi

Question 20

examples of fluorochrome dye

Answer 20

auramine and rhodamine

Question 21

uses a dark field condenser that blocks light that will enter the objective directly.
It directs the lightto hit the specimen at an oblique anglewhich makes all other light that passes through the specimen miss the objective, thus, creating a “dark field” while
the organisms appear extremely bright.

Answer 21

dark field microscope

Question 22

It examines unstained microorganisms suspended in liquid against a dark background. and utilized for ___

Answer 22

dark field microscope
spirochetes (treponema pallidum)

Question 23

detects living microorganisms that are invisible under ordinary light.

Answer 23

darkfield microscope

Question 24

utilizes electrons instead of light to visualize small objects.
It has electromagnetic fields insteadof lenses to form a n image on a fluorescent screen.

Answer 24

electron microscope

Question 25

has a built-in camera to capture imagesof the cells in black-and-white transmission electron micrographs.

Answer 25

electron microscope

Question 26

It is ideal for studyingthe morphology ofbacteria

Answer 26

electron microscope

Question 27

fixative used for electron microscopes are ___
dehydrating agent are ___

Answer 27

glutaraldehyde or osmium tetroxide
alcohol or acetone

Question 28

It allows the visualization of the internalstructures of cells.

Answer 28

Transmission electron microscope (TEM)

Question 29

has the greatest resolution that is approximately 1,000 times higher than the light microscope.

Answer 29

Transmission electron microscope (TEM)

Question 30

used to examine verythin specimens and microorganisms since itcanmagnify’ specimena milliontimes.

Answer 30

transmission electron microscope

Question 31

transmission electron microscope resolving power and magnification

Answer 31

0.2 nm
150,000x to 10 million x

Question 32

scans thesurface of the cells or specimens.
Inthismicroscope,thespecimenis positionedat thebottom of the column.

Answer 32

scanning electron microscope

Question 33

resolving and magnification of scanning EM

Answer 33

200 nm
20x to 10,000 x

Question 34

It is technology that utilizes thescience of staining like the Gram reaction and capture the cellular images throughweb-basedinterface.
It uses an automated microscope and the interface to present images on screen or computer monitor. ex:

Answer 34

digital microscopy
Leica and pathXL