Chap 1

Question 1

3 concepts to remember about mass communication as a business

Answer 1

• the mass media are profit centered. It depends on attracting an audience of consumers to get income.
• Technological developments change the way mass media are delivered and consumed. (convergence)
• Mass media both reflect and affect politics, society and culture. Media influence society, but also mirror it.

Question 2

What is a vertical integration model?

Answer 2

-One company simultaneously controls several related aspects of the media business and each part of the company helps the others. (ex; KDKA Radio, 93.7 The Fan, WBZZ, & WDSY)

Question 3

how digital delivery changed things

Answer 3

One-way v. two-way communication (TV, social media)

Dumb v. smart communication [hot or cold] (flip phone v. smartphone)

Question 4

The receiver

Answer 4

you, the subscriber ( checking email, tweeting, watching movies, etc)

Question 5

The sender

Answer 5

Internet service providers, provides ways of organizing info to help you find what you want.

Question 6

What is a broadcast network model?

Answer 6

-Collection of radio or TV stations that airs programs across country at the same time. Station ownership and operations are regulated by the FCC. (ex; ABC & Sinclair)

Question 7

What is concentration of ownership?

Answer 7

large companies buy smaller companies. Or they merge with other big companies. And it results in fewer and fewer companies owning more types of media business. (fewer and fewer people control all the content that we get)

Question 8

Disadvantages of convergence

Answer 8

• Message pluralism/content sharing
• Maximizes profits at the expense of consumer choice.
• Profits are not always passed down to employees and consumers.

Question 9

mass

Answer 9

from one person to a group of people

books, newspapers, magazines, recoding, radio, movie, TV, internet

Question 10

intrapersonal communication

Answer 10

internal

Question 11

computer technology

Answer 11

info is now stored and transferred digitally

Question 12

The channel

Answer 12

cable, telephone, satellite and cellular companies. (provide internet communication, delivery acting as a conduit by gathering all the services from national and international networks.)

Question 13

What is a conglomerates model?

Answer 13

• Big company that owns media entitles as well as businesses that are seemingly unrelated to media. (ex; NBC, Universal, GE, & Comcast.)

Question 14

Advantages of convergence

Answer 14

• Media properties can be attractive investments
• Newspapers and broadcast stations are scarce commodities
• Newspapers & broadcast stations have moved past their early cycle of family ownership.
• Newspapers & broadcast stations are easier to buy than create.
• Internet changed economics of all media industries. (i.e.; advertising.)

Question 15

Who owns the media?

Answer 15

-Concentration of ownership

Question 16

3 types of communication

Answer 16

intrapersonal
interpersonal
mass

Question 17

The message

Answer 17

content ( all text, audio and video that are digitized into bits are potential content for a digitized communication system.

Question 18

printing

Answer 18

in 1455 the printing press was invented

Question 19

interpersonal

Answer 19

direct sharing of info to another

Question 20

Advertisers and consumers pay the bill

Answer 20

• Ads are primary income source for newspapers, radio, & TV
• Consumers pay indirectly by buying the products the advertisers sell. (Clothes, cars, etc.) & directly every time you buy a book, DVD, movie ticket, etc.
• Most media companies are privately owned but publicly traded. ( govt. controls what is put out.)
• PBS and NPR (sister companies) don’t sell commercial time for income. They rely on sponsors, donations, & govt. money.

Question 21

Types of media business models

Answer 21

Chains
Broadcast networks
Conglomerates
Vertical Integration

Question 22

3 information communication revolutions

Answer 22

phonetic writing
printing
computer

Question 23

What is a chain model?

Answer 23

-Multiple print outlets owned by the same company (ex; Garnet, Tribune, Media)

Question 24

phonetic writing

Answer 24

pictographs evolved into phonetic writing around 1000 BC