Changing Spaces; Making Places🌅 5.1 Flashcards
Which 6 characters make up place identity?
- built environment —> age & style of buildings
- political —> government & local residence groups
- cultural —> religion, society, clubs
- demography —> inhabitants gender, age, ethnicity
- social-economic —> employment, income
- physical geography —> altitude, aspect, drainage
What are Lympstone’s (East Devon) past characteristics?
- Saxons established
- Estuary used for fishing & shellfish Industry
- Tourism beginnings: 1840 - attracted wealthy families enjoying novelty of being ‘by the sea’ - increasing built environment developed for visitors
- Railway arrival - 1861 - improved connectivity & time space compression - allowing shellfish industry to access wider market
- Dormitory settlement for Exeter - 20th century
What are Toxteth’s (Liverpool) past characteristics?
- Saxons established
- End 16th century - small scale industry was GROWING
- 1772 - rapidly growing pop.
- industrial (ceramics factory & flour milling) & urban nature & river bank lined with ship-building yards
- 19th century - pop. growth - high housing demand - poorly constructed housing built behind villas - unhygienic —> cholera & typhoid spread
- middle class residents relocated with disposable income increase
What are Lympstone’s (East Devon) present day characteristics?
- top heavy age structure (more elderly)
- ethnically homogenous —> dominated by agriculture & tourism, so few job opportunities provided for immigrants in 1960s & 70s
- cultural year revolves around times in Christian calendar
- parish council - focussed on local matters eg road lighting & equipping local facilities
- more housing being built & area = subject to strict planning permission
What are Toxteth’s (Liverpool) present day characteristics?
- most residence between 16-64 - few elderly residents
- ethnically diverse —> large industrial city - attracting migrants
- culturally diverse —> Muslim religious festivals, synagogues, Greek Orthodox Church
- built environment = adapted by migrant communities
- part of Riverside Ward - 1/30 wards - make up city council - have powers in education, regeneration, housing
Lympstone (East Devon) shifting flows of resources & ideas
- growing knowledge economy - positive impact on Lympstone
- over 1/3rd of employed residents = managers, officials, directors, professional occupations
- Meteorological Office moved to Exeter - 2003 - single largest move of IT equipment in Europe - brought knowledge-based jobs
- tertiary employment - uni - 3000 staff, major hospital, regional headquarters
Toxteth (Liverpool) shifting flows of resources & ideas
- employment loss in docks & manufacturing - led to substantial unemployment - led to Toxteth riots - 1981
- 1980s - initiatives put in place for Toxteth to become a thriving place: - Tate Liverpool opened 1988 - 2008 - European culture capital
- waterfront parts have international importance & are recognised as UNESCO world heritage sites
- many residence lack skills & qualifications for growing knowledge economy of Liverpool - greater unemployment
What are the differences between Place & space?
Place: primarily subjective meanings - emotional attachment to a space makes it a place - people make a space eg home or holiday destination
Space: exist between places - objective meanings - something that just is eg address
What factors influence perception of place?
- age: perceptions change as you age, associate a place with memories formed there, park/city centre could be dangerous when older but exciting when young
- gender: isolated areas, dark, late night public transport - creates ‘geography of fear’
- sexuality: increasing LGBT community acceptance - LGBT zones identified & mapped eg ‘Gay Village’, Manchester - due to sexuality ghettos often form, where homosexuals feel sense of security eg Brighton, UK’s LGBT capital
- religion: Jerusalem - Christian meaning - Jesus death & resurrection - Uluru, central Australia - major role in aboriginal creation stories
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Influence of emotional attachment to place
- memories
- individual or group - eg football stadium - group of fans may have strong emotional attachment
- attachment to nations, especially when exiled from homeland eg Kurds - 28-30 million, 2-3 million in Germany - PKK - fighting for Kurdish nation to be identified
- bad memories = negative perception
- good memories = positive perception
How does globalisation & time-space compression influence sense of place?
- supermarket - overseas reproduce & clothes
Winners: - currency traders, faster & easier info access
- gap year students wanting to travel, cheaper & faster travel
- migrants from LIDCs looking for employment, cheaper & more available travel
Losers: - those losing jobs due to global shift
- those feeling sense of dislocation from their homeland
How can you represent places?
Formal:
- census - held every 10 years
- crime figures
- rainfall totals
Informal:
- diversity of media - TV, films, art, music, literature, photos
Rural:
- closely knit - everyone knows everyone
- conservative & traditional views
- homogeneous ethnically
- less mobility - spatially & socially
