changing patterns of childbearing Flashcards
childbearing
48.5% of all children are now born outside marriage - over twice as many as in 1986
however, nearly all these births are jointly registered by both parents - in most cases, the parents are cohabiting.
women are having children later- between 1971 and 2019, their average age at the birth of their first child rose by four years to 30.7 years
women are having fewer children than in the 20th century, though the number increased slightly in the early 21st century.
the average number of children per woman fell from a peak of 2.93 in 1964 to a record low of 1.58
live births and fertility rate
605,479 live births in England and Wales in 2022- a 3.1% decrease from 624,828 in 2021 and the lowest number since 2002
total fertility rate decreased to 1.55 children per woman in 2021 from 1.58 in 2020
cultural diversity
family reference persons who identified as “black, black british, black welsh, caribbean or african caribbean” had the highest proportion of lone parents- 51.0% were lone parents in 2021, an increase from 2011- 48.5%
most ethnic groups saw a reduction in the proportion of frps who were lone parents, including all of the “mixed or multiple ethnic groups”.
over half of frps who identified as mixed or multiple ethnic groups: white and black caribbean and black, black british and black welsh, caribbean or african in 2011 were lone parents - decreased to less than half in 2021.
higher proportion of households were multi-generational in 2021 - 2.1% , than 2011 1.8% household reference persons hrp who identified with asian, asian british or asian welsh” ethnic groups were more likely to live in multi-generational households, but less likely in 2021 than in 2011.
