changes in pregnancy - immune system + renal system Flashcards
name the cells of the immune system
Leucocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, natural killer cells
what changes occur to WCC
raises
what changes occur to cell mediated immunity
Increased ability to suppress immune response - insufficient changes to prevent fatal rejection
What do the fetal membranes do
separate the fetus and the mother
What does IgG do
Crosses the placenta - fetus protected from any infectious diseases the mother has had/ vaccines given
what do trophoblasts do
prevents most maternal immune cells and immunoglobulins except IgG from entering fetal circulation
what is the function of the kidneys during pregnancy
The primary excretory organ for fetal waste
what hormone has the main effect on the renal system
Progesterone
What changes occur to the uterus
Become kinked and dilated
What changes occur to the bladder
Bladder capacity increases to 1000mls - tone decreases and incompetence of sphincter meaning reflux of urine back up ureters
What changes occur to renal blood flow
Increase in 35-60% & increase glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 40-50%
what does the increase in renal blood flow cause
increase in volume of urine produced by 25%
What is glycosuria
Sugar in urine
what are the physiological in the kidney
increase in size and filtration volume
what is the impact of the physiological changes to the kidney
can lead to increased prevalence of UTIs
how should UTIs be treated
with antibiotics
what are the risks of an un-treated UTI
SGA babies, prematurity and still birth
