Change of State Flashcards
Unit for temperature
Degrees celsius (°C)
Unit for thermodynamic temperature
Kelvin (K)
Unit for energy
Joule (J)
Unit for mass
Kilogram (Kg)
Unit for density
Kilogram/ metre^3 (Kg/m^3)
Unit for length
Metre (m)
Unit for area
Metre^2 (m^2)
Unit for volume
Metre^3 (m^3)
Unit for speed/ velocity
Metre/ second (m/s)
Unit for force
Newton (N)
Unit for acceleration
Metre/ second^2 (m/s^2)
Unit for pressure/ stress
Pascal (Pa)
What are particles like in a solid?
They:
Vibrate about a fixed point
Are close together
Have a fixed shape
Have strong intermolecular forces
What are particles like in a liquid?
They:
Can flow
Are close together
Take the shape of the bottom of the container
Have weaker intermolecular forces in comparison to solids
What are particles like in a gas?
They:
Are free moving
Are very far apart
Take the shape of the container
Very weak intermolecular forces (weakest)
Where is the energy in a substances thermal energy store?
Energy in a substances thermal energy store is held by its particles in their kinetic energy stores
What happens when you heat a substance (kinetic energy stores)?
Extra energy is transferred into the particles kinetic energy stores making them move faster until the forces overcome (changing state)
What occurs in boiling?
It occurs at a fixed temp (if pressure is constant)
Bubbles form during boiling
Boiling occurs throughout the liquid
What occurs in evaporation?
It can occur at any temperature
It occurs at the surface
What is specific heat capacity?
It is the amount of energy required to increase the temperature of a unit mass (g or kg) by 1°C without change of phase.
What is the equation for specific heat capacity (using specific heat capacity, change in thermal energy, mass, change in temperature)?
Change in thermal energy = mass × specific heat capacity × change in
temperature
ΔQ = m × c × ΔT
