Challenging Jim Crow Flashcards
Who were NAACP
A civil rights group who fought for the rights of black people. Best known for campaigning court cases which challenged legal segregation
When was Smith Vs Allwright?
1944
What was Smith Vs Allwright about?
-Voting rights of Black People in Texas.
-Black people were excluded from Primary elections.
(Texas was a democratic stronghold so whoever won the Texas election was basically the democratic presidential candidate).
- Was taken to supreme court with help of NAACP
What was the outcome of Smith vs Allwright?
- Supreme court said that all-white primaries were outlawed because every american had right to vote because of 15th admendment.
- It was outlawed across of the whole of America.
When was Morgan Vs Virginia?
1946
What was Morgan Vs Virginia about?
- Challenged segregation on interstate bus services.
- Irene morgan was fined $100 for refusing to give up her seat to a white man.
- She took it to supreme court with help of NAACP
What was the outcome of Morgan Vs Virginia?
Supreme court ruled that segregation on interstate bus services was illegal
Non Violent Direct action. Where did it start off? (2)
started off in 1945. NAACP began to organise series of protests in Louisiana.
In 1947-picketing New Orleans department store because they didn’t let AAs try on hats
In 1953 - NAACP organised boycott of newly built school in Lafayette, protesting that these facilities were inferior.
Bus boycott
- June 1953.
-The Boycott was accompanied by a car pooling scheme. It failed however, it only lasted a week and wasn’t long enough to attract media attention or hurt bus companies finances.
It was organised by UDL
When was the journey of reconciliation?
1947
Who organised the journey of reconciliation?
CORE (Congress Of Racial Equality)
What was the journey about?
Although segregated buses were illegal. This de jure change did not lead to de facto change.
So 16 activists planned to travel by bus from north to south.
Their objective was to prove that bus companies were ignoring the Morgan Vs Virginia ruling
What was the outcome of the Journey Of Reconciliation?
lasted two weeks,white sat in black area of bus, and vice versa.
It successfully proved that bus companies in the south were ignoring the supreme courts ruling.
However, it resulted in arrests of 13 activists and failed to force southern state bus companies to desegregate it’s bus services.
(basically a fuck up)
What did the protests overalls show?
It gave AAs confidence and showed them that segregation could be stopped.
Black voters increasing statistic
in 1940 proportion of black voters went from 1.5% to 17.3% in 1947
