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Elizabethan Era > Challenges To The Religious Settlement > Flashcards

Challenges To The Religious Settlement Flashcards

1
Q

Why were Elizabeth’s plans for a Religious Settlement not immediately approved in Parliament in 1559?

A

Marian bishops refused to vote to establish Protestant form of worship

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2
Q

How did Elizabeth respond to these Marian bishops? (2)

A
  • She arrested two
  • Reworded her bills, adding more for the Catholics
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3
Q

What was the point of the Religious Settlement?

A

To pacify everyone and prevent major rebellions/protests

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4
Q

When was the Religious Settlement made?

A

1559

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5
Q

Who would run the Church?

A

Bishops

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6
Q

What title did Elizabeth give herself?

A

Supreme Governor

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7
Q

Who had to take an oath accepting Elizabeth’s new title? (4)

A
  • Government officials
  • Clergy
  • MPs
  • Judges
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8
Q

How many bishops resigned rather than taking the oath?

A

1

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9
Q

Was the singing of hymns continued?

A

Yes

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10
Q

What did each Church have to have? (3)

A
  • The Bible in English
  • Services in English
  • A Protestant Prayer Book to be used
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11
Q

How did Catholics work around the removal of a Latin mass?

A

They went to a new Church every Sunday and did mass there secretly

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12
Q

What did the clergy have to acknowledge, through an oath? (2)

A
  • Elizabeth’s new title
  • The use of the new Prayer Book
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13
Q

Were the clergy now allowed to get married?

A

Yes

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14
Q

What did the clergy have to wear, although Protestant priests did not usually wear this?

A

A surplice

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15
Q

What would Protestant priests usually wear?

A

A plain black gown

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16
Q

At least how many times a month did a preacher have to preach?

A

Once a month

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17
Q

How many priests out of 9000 refused to take the oath?

A

250

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18
Q

What did the Queen promote the manufacture of?

A

Medallions and engravings

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19
Q

Recusants had to pay a fine of how much every week?

A

1 shilling

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20
Q

How did Elizabeth respond if recusants did not pay the fine?

A

She turned a blind eye to it

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21
Q

Who did Puritans want running the Church rather than bishops?

A

Committees that are elected by churchgoers

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22
Q

Why did the Puritans dislike the fact that the Queen was Supreme Governor?

A

They did not believe in a Head of Church

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23
Q

What did Puritans want to change about the appearance of the Church? (5)

A
  • Whitewashed walls
  • No stained glass windows
  • No statues
  • Plain tables instead of altars
  • No music
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24
Q

What did Puritans not like about the new Prayer Book?

A

Some of its wording

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25
Q

What type of Protestants were the Earl of Leicester and Sir Francis Walsingham?

A

Puritans

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26
Q

Between 1559 and 1563 what did Puritan priests try doing?

A

They pushed the removal of ‘too Catholic’ aspects of the Church

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27
Q

In 1570s what happened to some Puritans and why?

A

They were imprisoned because they tried to make changes to the Church themselves

28
Q

State 3 facts about Puritans: (3)

A
  • They were a small group
  • Situated in south-east and London
  • Divided by their specific religious beliefs
29
Q

What were the 3 divisions of Puritans?

A
  • Moderates
  • Presbyterians
  • Separatists
30
Q

Who did the Moderates include and what did they want?

A

Bishops, who wanted small changes

31
Q

What did the Presbyterians want?

A

Wanted to get rid of bishops

32
Q

What did the Separatists want?

A

They wanted to get rid of a National Church completely

33
Q

Why did the Puritans not rebel or protest, even though they wanted more?

A

It was better for them to have Elizabeth, a Protestant, on the throne, rather than Mary Queen of Scots, who is a Catholic

34
Q

What was the Oath that the clergy took called?

A

The Oath of Supremacy

35
Q

What was the Act of Uniformity and when was it made?

A

It established the religion of the country and rules that needed to be followed around this, made in 1559

36
Q

Did Elizabeth introduce punishments if people had their own beliefs?

A

No

37
Q

Why was a Latin Catholic mass so important for Catholics?

A

It was their means for personal salvation that was at risk

38
Q

What did some Catholic priests do?

A

They became chaplains to Catholic nobles to celebrate Mass in their homes

39
Q

Who was the Pope at the time of the Religious Settlement?

A

Pius IV

40
Q

Which Pope finally excommunicated the Queen in what year?

A

Pius V in 1570

41
Q

What gave the new Church time to establish itself?

A

Pius IV, who Catholics were relying on to excommunicate Elizabeth, did not take any action. This meant the Catholics had no key support to rebel

42
Q

Why did Philip II not want to lead a religious crusade against Elizabeth (besides the fact they were allies)? (2)

A
  • Replaced by Mary Queen of Scots who had strong ties with France
  • He could not afford it as he was occupied with dealing with Protestant rebels in the (Spanish) Netherlands
43
Q

When did the French (religious) Civil War begin and how long did it last?

A

1562, for the next 35 years

44
Q

In 1560 what two things were introduced?

A
  • Requiem Mass for the dead
  • Candles and crucifixes would remain
45
Q

Who were ‘Jesuits’?

A

Devote Roman Catholic priests

46
Q

What did the Treason Act of 1571 say?

A

Active Catholics who were hostile towards Elizabeth would be executed

47
Q

How many Catholics were executed in Elizabeth’s reign and what were the majority of them?

A

200, with the majority being Jesuit priests.

48
Q

In what month and year did Mary Queen of Scots arrive in England?

A

May 1568

49
Q

Where was Mary Queen of Scots taken once she arrived?

A

Carlisle Castle

50
Q

Why had Mary Queen of Scots been imprisoned by the Scottish government?

A

She had married the suspected murderer (Earl of Bothwell) of her late husband, Lord Darnley.

51
Q

Why had Mary Queen of Scots asked Elizabeth for help?

A

She escaped from imprisonment in Scotland

52
Q

Why was helping Mary Queen of Scot’s risky for Elizabeth, but she also felt entitled to do so?

A

Mary is her cousin however she is also the next heir of England and a Catholic Queen.

53
Q

What nationality was Mary Queen of Scots’ mother?

A

French

54
Q

In 1559, who took control of Mary of Guise’s government?

A

Scottish Protestant nobles

55
Q

Why did France threaten to invade Scotland?

A

They had rebelled against one of the French: Mary of Guise

56
Q

Why did the French back down from this threat?

A

Elizabeth sent her own army to Scotland

57
Q

When did Mary Queen of Scots marry Lord Darnley?

A

1565

58
Q

Why did Mary marry Darnley?

A

He had a distant claim to the English throne, which strengthened her claim for it

59
Q

Where was Mary Queen of Scots imprisoned in Scotland?

A

Lochleven Castle

60
Q

How did Darnley, also an unstable alcoholic, die and in what year?

A

His house was blown up but he had been strangled first before this in 1567

61
Q

Why did Elizabeth give support to the Protestant lords, even though she believed in the Divine Right and that Protestants should not take over?

A

It was more important that France did not have control over Scotland

62
Q

When did Francis II die, meaning Mary Queen of Scots returned to Scotland from France?

A

1561

63
Q

What evidence did the Scottish government claim it had to prove Mary had plotted Darnley’s murder?

A

The ‘Casket Letters’

64
Q

When did Mary Queen of Scots start showing her coat of arms to display her claim to the throne?

A

1560

65
Q

When was Mary’s son, James VI, born?

A

1566

66
Q

How was Mary Queen of Scots displayed in propaganda?

A

Her image was glorified and flattering to influence people’s opinions

Elizabethan Era (6 decks)

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