Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geography > Challenges of natural hazards > Flashcards

Challenges of natural hazards Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Geography flashcards World Geography flashcards
1
Q

Describe the movement of a destructive plate margin

A

Two plates coming together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How can a volcano affect people

A
  • Explosion can cause a famine due to crop damage
  • Can damage houses, homelessness
  • Loss of agriculture, livelihood
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the natural causes of changes in global temperatures

A
  • Changes in the earths orbit
  • Changes in volcanic activity
  • Sunspot activity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is evidence that climate change has taken place?

A
  1. Changes in global temperature
  2. Sea levels rise
  3. More extreme weather hazards, e.g. tropical storms
  4. Glaciers melting
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How can changes in agriculture contribute to global change in temperatures

A
  • Increase in meat and diary production leads to increased methane released into the environment
  • Changing forests into agricultural land releases greenhouse gases into the environment as trees are carbon sinks
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is our tropical storm case study?

A

Typhoon Haiyan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How did typhoon Haiyan affect people

A

6000 people died,
millions homeless
roads and infrastructure damaged
transport and communication links damaged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How did typhoon Haiyan affect the environment

A

storm surge
Fish killed
loss of forests
water pollution
sewage leaks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a natural hazard?

A

Extreme natural events which can cause loss of life and extreme damage to property

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the two categories for natural hazards

A

Tectonic hazards
Climatic hazards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Examples of tectonic hazards

A
  • Volcanoes
  • Earthquakes
  • Tsunamis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Examples of climatic hazards

A
  • Floods
  • Droughts
  • Tropical storms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How do areas of contrasting wealth differ with tectonic hazards

A
  • Preparation (buildings with retrofitting)
  • developed infrastructure
  • Monitoring
  • Long term effects
  • Money and recovery times
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why do the plates move?

A
  • Convection currents
  • Slab pull and ridge push
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where does lots of volcanic activity occur

A

Around the pacific ring of fire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the three types of plate margins

A
  1. Destructive
  2. Constructive
  3. Conservative
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How are earthquakes caused

A

by pressuring being built up and then released, friction or plates getting stuck on eachother
sudden movements of the Earths plates

18
Q

How is earthquake energy released

A

As seismic waves

19
Q

What is prediction?

A
  • using seismometers to monitor earth tremors
  • Earthquakes are very difficult to predict when they will happen
20
Q

What is protection?

A
  • Involves constructing buildings so they are safe to live in and will not collapse
  • Rubber shock absorbers in the foundations
  • steel frames that sway with the earths movements
  • Open areas outside of buildings for assembly points
21
Q

What is preparation?

A
  • Practise for an earthquake, in earthquake prone countries
  • Drills
  • Evacuation plans
  • Increases chance of survival
22
Q

Which plate margins do volcanos form at

A
  1. Destructive
  2. Constructive
23
Q

What volcano forms at a destructive plate margin

A

A composite volcano

24
Q

What volcano forms at a constructive plate margin

A

A shield volcano

25
Q

Positive effects of a volcano

A
  • Geothermal energy
  • Ash is a good fertiliser for soil
  • Attract many tourists
26
Q

Negative effects of a volcano

A
  • Dangerous to people and properties
  • Economically places can suffer after eruptions
  • Habitats and landscapes can be damaged by lava flow
27
Q

How can volcanoes be monitored

A
  • Seismometer
  • monitoring gas escaping
  • monitoring temperatures
  • looking at past history of eruptions
28
Q

Benefits of living by a volcano

A
  • Fertile soil, good for crops
  • Attracts tourists, good for business
  • Geothermal energy, provides cheap energy for locals
  • Minerals are contained in lava e.g. diamonds
29
Q

What does the Global atmospheric circulation create

A

Wind

30
Q

What are the three types of cells

A

Polar cell
Ferrel cell
Hadley cell

31
Q

How is a tropical storm formed

A
  • Warm water 27 degrees C, rises causing an area of low pressure
  • As the air rises is draws more moist warm air up from above the ocean, leading to strong winds
  • The rapidly rising air cools and condenses to form Cumulonimbus clouds
  • ## These clouds form the eye wall and produce heavy rainfall
32
Q

What is global warming?

A

The rise in average temperature of the Earths surface

33
Q

What is evidence of global warming?

A
  1. Ice cores
  2. Glacier retreat
  3. Thermometer readings
  4. Rising sea levels
34
Q

How does thermometer readings show evidence of global warming?

A

Show clear readings of warming of the earth other many years

35
Q

How do ice cores show evidence of global warming?

A

A sample of ice shows the atmospheric gas concentration at the time the snow fell

36
Q

How does glacier retreat show evidence of global warming?

A

Photos show glaciers melting and therefore retreating

37
Q

Human activities which increase global warming?

A
  1. Burning fossil fuels
  2. Deforestation
  3. Agriculture
38
Q

Natural factors which increase global warming?

A
  1. Orbital changes
  2. Volcanic activity
  3. Solar output
39
Q

Impacts of climate change?

A
  1. Sea levels rise
  2. Tropical storms will increase in strength
  3. Species in specific areas may become extinct
  4. Extreme weather occurrences more often
40
Q

Strategies to mitigate global warming

A
  • Alternative energy
  • Planting trees
  • International agreements

Geography (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions