Cha. 8: Abuse of and Addiction to CNS Stimulants Flashcards
What are the two broad groups of CNS Stimulants?
- Amphetamines & Amphetamine-like substances
- Cocaine
Amphetamines are used in the treatment of _____.
Narcolepsy
What are three amphetamines?
Ephadine, benzodrine, dexodrine
What are two amphetamine-like substances?
Ritalin & methylphenidate
Why is a CNS stimulant given to children with ADHD?
It has a paradoxical effect on children (calming affect on ADHD & most kids)
How are amphetamines and like substances administered?
Orally, and possibly through a patch (delivers an even amount of medicine over a period of time).
Ritalin effects the _____ transmitters by _____ them
Dopamine; blocking
Potential side effects of methylphenidate:
- Stunts growth (slows and stops),
- Mess up sleep
- Heart problems (palpitations, fibrillation)
- Anorexia (very common in kids because they lose their appetite)
- Risk of development of Parkinson’s Disease later in life
- May cause OCD (could be bringing up an underlying)
- May cause ticks (muscular or vocal)
- Possible psychosis
- 30-50% of first time ADHD meds are never renewed
Speed is another term for _____
Amphetamines
Most often abused amphetamine:
Adderall
This medication is advertised as a non-stimulant medication for ADHD, but is considered a stimulant by pharmocologists:
Stratera
What is methamphetamine?
A chemically-made street drug that is a CNS stimulant
Meth is abused more often than _____?
Cocaine and heroin combined
Meth is made from?
Sudafed
What are the physical and mental effects after doing a speed run for a week?
- Psychosis: hallucinations, delusional, paranoid;
- assaultive, aggressive,
- heart issues (heart rate super high, palpitations), high blood pressure, cardiac arrhythmia (out of rhythm, causing blood to be left in the chambers and can get dry and lodge somewhere as a blood clot, making risk for stroke), heart attack, comatose, significant irreversable brain damage (grey matter, has to do with executive functioning, is reduced), ability to do academic work reduced significantly, IQ reduced significantly, liver problems
