Cha. 12: Abuse of and Addiction to Hallucinogens Flashcards
A hallucinogenic causes _____ experiences.
Hallucinatory-like
What are the two groups of hallucinogenics?
Synthetic and Natural
List two synthetic hallucinogenics.
LSD and PCP
List four natural hallucinogenics.
- Mescaline
- Peyote
- Psilocybin
- Salvia
How are hallucinogenics ingested?
- Synthetic: sugar cube or stamp
- Natural: teas
What is PCP?
An equine anesthetic; potent and very deadly
LSD is _____ soluble.
Water
Regular use develops tolerance very quickly over a period of _____. Once you stop using (even for a day), the tolerance _____.
Hours; goes away
What are the withdrawal effects of LSD.
No known effects
What is the half-life of LSD?
2 hours; very quickly
What are the reactions of LSD?
- Perceptual disturbance
- Bad trip: when someone really doesn’t like the effects of the drug
- Hallucinogenic Persisting Perception Disturbance: occurs hours, days, weeks, months, years after original use of drug
- AKA “Flashback”
Hallucinogenics may cause _____ in those who have the potential for it, but have not had an episode yet.
Psychosis
What do you do if a person has a really bad trip on LSD?
Wait it out, talk them down. Unless threatening suicide or murder, you should not get medical or police involved.
Depending on the _____, PCP has a different effect.
Dosage
* As dosage increases, becomes –>CNS Stimulant, CNS Depressant, Anesthetic, Hallucinogenic, then Increased Strength
How is PCP ingested?
- Smoke
- Injection
- Orally
PCP is used as an _____ for other chemicals.
Adulterant; pot with PCP is very dangerous
Tolerance to PCP develops _____.
Quickly
PCP has a _____ withdrawal pattern.
Difficult
What are some of the withdrawal patterns of PCP?
- Distortion of, or inability to
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Mood swings
- Paranoia
- Hyperactivity
- Aggression
- Agitation
At the higher ends of PCP use, people become very _____
Aggressive, psychotic, and paranoid…combined with super strength is very bad and these people want to fight
What is MDMA?
Ecstasy; hallucinogenic and amphetamine-like properties
MDMA (ecstasy) is currently being tested for the treatment of _____?
PTSD
MDMA (ecstasy) is used at _____.
Raves
MDMA (ecstasy) is _____ soluble.
Lipid
What are the effects of MDMA (ecstasy)?
- Perceptual distortions
- Highly energized
- Aggressive (maybe)
What are the medical concerns with MDMA (ecstasy) use?
- Raise your body temperature, blood pressure, heart rate
- Cardiac symptoms, stroke risk (hemorrhagic stroke)
- Brings out person’s normal personality parts
Neurological damage
- Memory problems for weeks/months
- Cognitive effects seem to be dose dependent - the more you take, the greater the effects
- Fatal seizure
- Slightly neurotoxic
- Flashbacks
- Bad trip
- May be liver toxic
Tolerance to MDMA (ecstasy) develops _____.
Over the long-term
What are the withdrawal effects of MDMA (ecstasy)?
- Distortion of, or inability to
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Mood swings
- Paranoia
- Hyperactivity
- Aggression
- Agitation
