Ch9 Group 2 qualitative analysis Flashcards

1
Q

G2 Chemical properties

A

Have two electrons in outer shell so form 2+ cations
reducing agents

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2
Q

G2 Physical properties

A

Metals
- good conductors of electricity
-form colourless ionic compounds
-high mpt + bpt

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3
Q

Trend in G2 reactivity

A

Increases down a group as loses electron more easily

  • atomic radius increases
  • shielding effect increases
  • nuclear charge increasing has no effect
  • first ionisation energy decreases
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4
Q

G2 reaction with oxygen general equation (flame test)

A

M(s) + 1/2 O2 -> MO(s)

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5
Q

Mg flame test

A

white

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6
Q

Ca flame test

A

brick-red

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7
Q

Sr flame test

A

crimson

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8
Q

Ba flame test

A

green

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9
Q

G2 reaction with water basic equation

A

M(s) + 2H2O(l) -> M(OH2) (aq) + H2(g)

rate of reaction increases down group

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10
Q

Mg reaction with water

A

reacts very slowly with water to produce Mg(OH)2 solid - white ppt

reacts more readily with steam to form MgO(s)

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11
Q

G2 reaction with chlorine

A

forms white chlorides

M(s) + Cl2(g) -> MCl2(s)

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12
Q

G2 reaction with dilute acids

A

produces salt and hydrogen gas

M(s) + 2HCl(g) -> MCl2(aq) + H2(g)

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13
Q

Reaction of G2 oxide with water

A

MO(s) + H2O(l) -> M(OH)2 (aq)

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14
Q

magnesium hydroxide

A

sparingly soluble
forms white suspension- used to treat indigestion

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15
Q

reaction of G2 oxide with acid

A

MO(s) + 2HCl(aq) -> MCl2(aq) + H2O(aq)

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16
Q

G2 carbonate

A

MCO3
insoluble in water
decompose on heating to form oxides and carbon dioxide

17
Q

decomposition of G2 carbonate

A

MCO3 (s) -> MO(s) + CO2(g)

18
Q

calcium carbonate

A

used as antacid to treat indigestion

19
Q

G2 sulfates

A

MSO4
white solids
solubility in water decreases down group

20
Q

hydrated magnesium sulphate

A

laxative

21
Q

barium sulfate

A

absorbs x-rays strongly so helps diagnose disorders of stomach and intestines