Ch.8 Hip Joint And Pelvic Girdle Flashcards
What makes the hip joint relatively stable? 3
• Bony architecture
• Strong ligaments
• Large supportive muscle
What type of joint is the hip joint?
• Ball-and-socket joint
Largest bone in the body
Femur
Head of the … connects with acetabulum of pelvic girdle
Femur
Where does the R & L pelvic joint meet at posteriorly?
Sacrum
Extension of the spinal column
Sacrum
Portions of the pelvic bone (/5)
• Ilium: upper 2/5
• Ischium: posterior and lower 2/5
• Pubis: anterior and lower 1/5
Bony landmarks: pelvic girdle
(Asis,Aiis,Ic,P,S,C,It)
• Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
• Anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)
• Iliac crest
• Pubis
• Sacrum and coccyx
• Ischial tuberosity
Bony landmarks: Femur (HGtLtLa)
• Head
• Greater trochanter
• Lesser trochanter
• Linea aspera
Bony landmarks: Leg
Femur
Patella
Tibia
Fibula
Body movements(lower) typically involve the combination of the…
Pelvic girdle & hip joints
Pelvic girdle anterior joint
Pubis symphysis
-Amphiarthrodial joint
Pelvic girdle posterior joint
• Sacroiliac joints: sacrum between the 2 pelvic bones
2nd most mobile joint & is the connection of the acetabulum and femur
Acetabulofemoral joint
Acetabulofemoral (hip) joint acts as a … and … joint
Multiaxial (multiple direction)
Enarthrodial (ball and socket)
4 Acetabulofemoral joint ligaments
Iliofemoral ligament
Pubofemoral ligament
Ischiofemoral ligament
Teres ligament
4 Acetabulofemoral joint ligaments’ limits (importance) ⭐️ IPIT
Iliofemoral- prevents hyper extension
Pubofemoral- limits extension and abduction
Ischiofemoral ligament- limits internal rotation
Teres- limits adduction
Which Acetabulofemoral joint ligament is deep in acetabulum T
Teres ligament
2 Hip joint alignment variations
Anteversion: Abnormal or excessive forward (inward) rotation
Retroversion: Abnormal or excessive backward (outward) rotation of a structure
How many planes resulting in how many movements does the pelvic girdle move?
3 planes = 6 movements
2 pelvic girdle joints PsSj
-Pubic symphysis (amphiarthrodial joint) (A)
-Sacroiliac joints (P)
Anterior Pelvic girdle movements
Anterior pelvic rotation
• Anterior movement of upper pelvis
• Iliac crest tilts forward; anterior tilt; downward rotation
(P) Posterior pelvic rotation
• Posterior movement of upper pelvic
• Iliac crest tilts backward; posterior tilt; upward rotation
(Ll) Pelvic girdle movement
Left lateral pelvic rotation
• Left pelvis moves inferiorly
• Left pelvis rotates downward or right pelvis
rotates upward; left lateral tilt
PG Movements: Right lateral pelvic rotation
• Right pelvis moves inferiorly
• Right pelvis rotates downward or left pelvis rotates upward; right lateral tilt
PG movements: Left transverse pelvic rotation
• Counterclockwise movement
• Pelvis rotates to body’s left; right iliac crest moves anteriorly
PG Movements: Right transverse pelvic rotation
• Clockwise movement
• Pelvis rotates to body’s right;
left iliac crest moves anteriorly
HJ movements: Hip flexion
• Movement of femur straight anteriorly toward pelvis
HJ movements: Hip extension
• Movement of the femur straight posteriorly away from the pelvis;
• Can sometimes be referred to as hyperextension
HJ Movements: Hip abduction
• Movement of femur laterally to side away
from midline
HJ movements: Hip adduction
• Movement of femur medially toward midline
HJ Movements: Hip external rotation
• Rotary movement of femur laterally around longitudinal axis away from midline; lateral
rotation
HJ movements: Hip internal rotation
• Rotary movement of femur medially around longitudinal axis toward midline; medial rotation
HJ movements: Hip diagonal abduction
• Movement of femur in a
diagonal plane away from
midline of body
HJ movements: Hip diagonal adduction
• Movement of femur in a
diagonal plane toward midline
of body
HJ movements: Hip horizontal abduction
• Movement of femur in a horizontal or transverse plane away from pelvis
HJ movements: Hip horizontal adduction
Movement of femur in a horizontal or transverse plane toward pelvis
Hip and pelvic girdle muscles are inner ages from … and … plexi
Lumbar
Sacral(lumbosacral)
What nerves make up the lumbar plexus? SF
spinal and femoral nerves
What nerves make up the sacral plexus? SGS
spinal, gluteal, and sciatic nerve (tibial and peroneal division)
Basically what plexus innervates the hip and pelvic girdle muscles ⭐️
Lumbosacral plexus
Anterior: primarily hip flexion (IPRfS)
• Iliopsoas: Illiacus and psoas major
• Pectineus
• Rectus femoris
• Sartorius
Posterior: primarily hip extension (GmmmBfSSTfl)
• Gluteus maximus, medius,
minimus
• Biceps femoris
• Semitendinosus
• Semimembranosus
• Tensor fascia latae
What divides the thigh into 3 compartments
Inter muscular septa
3 muscle compartments of thigh KeHA
X Knee extensors (Ant)
X Hamstrings (Post)
X Adductors (Medial)
O&I: Iliopsoas muscle
• O: ilium, vertebrae
• I: femur
O&I: Rectus femoris
• O: ilium
• I: patella
O&I: Sartorius muscle
• O: Ilium
• I: tibia
Longest muscle in body
Sartorius muscle
O&I: Pectineus muscle
• O: pubis
• I: femur
O&I: Adductor Brevis muscle
• O: pubis
• I: femur
O&I: Adductor longus muscle
• O: pubis
• I: femur
O&I: Adductor magnus muscle
• O: pubis
• I: femur
O&I: Gracialis muscle
• O: pubis
• I: tibia
Adductor muscle group (4)
• Adductor Magnus, Adductor
Longus, Adductor Brevis, and
Gracilis
O&I: Semitendinous muscle
• O: ischium
• I: tibia
O&I: Semimembranosus muscle
• O: ischium
• I: tibia
O&I: Biceps femoris muscle, long head and short head
O: ischium, femur
• I: tibia, fibula
3 hamstring muscles SSB
Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus,
Biceps Femoris
O&I Gluteus Maximus muscle
• O: ilium, sacrum, coccyx
• I: femur
O&I Gluteus Medius muscle & what does it stabilize?
• O: ilium
• I: femur
Pelvic stability
O&I Gluteus minimus muscle
• O: ilium
• I: femur
What gluteus muscle is the deepest?
Gluteus minimus muscle
O&I Tensor Fasciae latae muscle & what band does it insert to?
• O: ilium
• I: tibia
IT band
6 Deep Lateral Rotator muscle
(PGsGiOeOiQf)
• Piriformis, gemellus superior,
gemellus inferior, obturator
externus, obturator internus,
quadratus femoris
O&I of 6 Deep Lateral Rotator muscles
• O: Sacrum and pelvic bone
• I: Greater trochanter
Agonists: Hip flexion
• Iliopsoas
• Rectus femoris
• Pectineus
• Sartorius
• Tensor fasciae latae
Agonists: Hip extension
• Gluteus maximus
• Biceps femoris
• Semitendinosus
• Semimembranosus
Agonists: Hip abduction
• Gluteus medius
• Gluteus maximus
• Gluteus minimus
• Tensor fasciae latae
Agonists: Hip adduction
• Adductor brevis
• Adductor longus
• Adductor magnus
• Gracilis
Agonists: Hip internal rotation
• Gluteus minimus
• Gluteus medius
• Tensor fasciae latae
Agonists: Hip external rotation
• Gluteus maximus
• Six deep external
rotators:
• Piriformis, gemellus superior, gemellus inferior, obturator
externus, obturator internus,
quadratus femoris
