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Kinesiology 3200 Principles of Human Movement > Ch.10 Ankle & Foot Joint > Flashcards

Ch.10 Ankle & Foot Joint Flashcards

1
Q

How many bones in each ankle & foot joint

A

26

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2
Q

Two main functions of ankle & foot joint

A

Support & propulsion

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3
Q

What can lead to foot discomfort

A

Improper probation & supination

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4
Q

2 phases of walking

A

Stance phase
Swing phase

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5
Q

4 parts of stance phase (HsMTsTo)

A

• Heel-strike: landing on heel, foot should be in supination
• Midstance: foot moves into pronation
• Terminal stance: center of gravity is over standing foot
• Toe-off: foots returns to supination during push off

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6
Q

Swing phase of walking & % used when walking/running

A

• Occurs when foot leaves ground & leg moves forward to another point of contact
• Walking: ~40% of cycle
• Running: ~60% of cycle

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7
Q

What makes up some of the 26 bones in each foot?(17)

A

• 7 tarsal bones
• 5 metatarsals
• 5 phalanges

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8
Q

Bones part of ankle

A

Fibula & Tibia

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9
Q

Tarsal bones (rear & midfoot) (7)

A

• Calcaneus: Heel bone
• Talus
• Navicular
• Cuboid
• 3 cuneiform bones: medial, intermediate, lateral

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10
Q

How many phalanxes in each toe?

A

• 3 phalanxes in each except 1st toe which has 2 phalanxes
1st toe is big toe

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11
Q

Bony Landmarks: Foot/Ankle joint (DmTpFdlFhlTM)

A

• Distal malleoli of tibia & fibula
-Tibialis posterior
-Flexor digitorum longus
-Flexor hallucis longus
• Tarsals
• Base of metatarsals

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12
Q

Pulley for tendons to increase MA Dmtf

A

Distal malleoli of tibia & fibula

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13
Q

“Tom, Dick & Harry” muscles immediately posterior to medial malleolus

A

• Tibialis posterior
• Flexor Digitorum longus
• Flexor Hallucis longus

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14
Q

Syndesmotic amphiarthrodial joint joined at both proximal & distal tibiofibular joints that gives minimal movement

A

Tibiofibular joint

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15
Q

Ligaments an dense interosseus membrane between tibia & fibula provide support found where?

A

Tibiofibular joint

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16
Q

Hinge ANKLE joint

A

Talocrural joint

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17
Q

Movements of Talocrural joint

A

• Plantar flexion
• Dorsiflexion
• Greater dorsiflexion with knee flexed
• Fibula rotates slightly with dorsiflexion/plantar flexion

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18
Q

Bones part of Talocrural joint TDtDf

A

Talus, distal tibia, & distal fibula

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19
Q

Gliding joints STt

A

• Subtalar (talocalcaneal) & transverse tarsal (talonavicular & calcaneocuboid) joints

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20
Q

Subtalar (talocalcaneal) & transverse tarsal (talonavicular & calcaneocuboid) joints’ combined movement

A

• 20º-30º of inversion
• 5º-15º of eversion

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21
Q

Joints between the 7 bones of the foot that is Arthrodial joints giving Minimal movement

A

Intertarsal joints

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22
Q

Condyloid joints where phalanges join metatarsals

A

• Metatarsophalangeal (MP) joints

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23
Q

Phalangeal joints IPPIPDIP

A

• Great toe interphalangeal (IP)
joint
• Proximal interphalangeal (PIP)
joints
• Distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints

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24
Q

Maintained by ligaments in the foot and ankle and Arches may be high, medium or low

A

Foot arches

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25
Q

Arch
• Medial: medial foot, helps with shock absorption
• Lateral: lateral foot, aids in balance

A

Longitudinal arch

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26
Q

Arch: 1st – 5th metatarsal, adapts foot to the ground

A

Transverse arch

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27
Q

Common ankle injury stretching or tearing of 1+ ligaments

A

Ankle sprain

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28
Q

Common ankle sprain injury

A

excessive inversion that injures lateral
ligament structures

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29
Q

Less common ankle sprain injury

A

excessive eversion that injures
medial structures

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30
Q

“High ankle sprain” occurs at…

A

tibiofibular joint, and involves a
tibiofibular ligament

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31
Q

Common painful condition involving inflammation of plantar fascia

A

Plantar fasciitis inflammation

32
Q

A broad structure extending from calcaneus to proximal phalanges of the toes & Assists in stabilizing the medial longitudinal arch and in propelling the body forward
during the stance phase

A

Plantar fascia (plantar aponeurosis) (can be injury)

33
Q

Movement of top of ankle & foot toward anterior tibia; ankle flexion

A

Dorsiflexion

34
Q

Movement of ankle & foot away from anterior tibia; ankle extension

A

Plantar flexion

35
Q

Turning ankle & foot outward; abduction, away from midline; weight is on medial edge of foot

36
Q

Turning ankle & foot inward; adduction, toward midline; weight is on lateral edge of
foot

37
Q

Movement of toes toward plantar surface of foot

A

Toe flexion

38
Q

Movement of toes away from plantar surface of foot

A

Toe extension

39
Q

Combination of ankle dorsiflexion, subtalar eversion & forefoot abduction (toe-out)

40
Q

Combination of ankle plantar flexion, subtalar inversion & forefoot adduction (toe-in)

A

Supination

41
Q

Ankle & foot joints are innervated by the … nerve

A

sciatic nerve
• Tibial and fibular
division

42
Q

Lower leg compartments (4)

A

Anterior compartment
Lateral compartment
Superficial posterior compartment
Deep posterior compartment

43
Q

Primary functions of lower leg compartments AcD LcE SpcPf DpcPfi

A

• Anterior comp: Dorsiflexors
• Lateral comp: Evertors
• Superficial posterior comp: Plantar flexors
• Deep posterior comp: Plantar flexor and invertors

44
Q

Common injuries in leg

A

Acute & chronic injuries are common

45
Q

Common term describing painful leg condition often associated with running activities

A

Shin splints

46
Q

What can relieve cramps and/or muscle spasms in gastrocnemius
& soleus

A

Active & passive dorsiflexion

47
Q

What compartment is compartment syndrome most common in

A

Anterior compartment

48
Q

Sharp pain, particularly with increased movement, swelling
and weakness in the muscles of the involved compartment

A

Compartment syndrome

49
Q

What does a complete rupture of Achilles tendon do?

A

Disconnects plantar flexors to calcaneous

50
Q

O&I Plantaris Muscle

A

• O: femur
• I: calcaneus/Achilles tendon

51
Q

O&I Gastronemius muscle

A

O: femur
• I: calcaneus (Achilles tendon)

52
Q

Joins with soleus to form
triceps surae which join to the
Achilles tendon G

A

Gastrocnemius muscle

53
Q

What are the two heads of the gastrocnemius muscle?

A

Lateral and medal head

54
Q

T”F Parts of plantaris muscle tendon may be used as grafts in body

55
Q

O&I Soleus muscle

A

• O: fibula and tibia
• I: Achilles tendon

56
Q

What muscle forms triceps surae with gastrocnemius to join to the Achilles tendon

A

Soleus muscle

57
Q

O&I Fibularis/Peroneus longus muscle

A

• O: fibula
• I: undersurface of foot

58
Q

O&I Fibularis/peroneus brevis muscle

A

• O: fibula
• I: 5th metatarsal

59
Q

O&I Fibularis tertius muscle

A

• O: fibula
• I: 5th metatarsal

60
Q

O&I Extensor digitorum longus muscle

A

• O: tibia and fibula
• I: 4 lesser toes

61
Q

O&I Extensor hullucis longus muscle

A

• O: fibula
• I: great toe

62
Q

O&I Tibialis anterior muscle

A

• O: tibia
• I: 1st metatarsal

63
Q

O&I Tibialis posterior muscle

A

• O: interosseus membrane of
tibia and fibula
• I: inferior surface of mid-foot

64
Q

O&I Flexor digitorum longus muscle

A

• O: tibia
• I: 4 lesser toesl

65
Q

O&I Flexor hallucis longus muscle

A

• O: fibula
• I: great toe

66
Q

TF Most intrinsic foot muscles originate & insert within the foot

A

False, ALL

67
Q

Where is the Extensor digitorum brevis in comparison to the other intrinsic muscles being in the plantar compartment

A

Dorsum(top) of foot

68
Q

What name can tell that an intrinsic muscle is towards the Medial/big toe?

69
Q

Intrinsic muscle in central dorsal compartment Edb

A

Extensor digitorum brevis

70
Q

Tells us if intrinsic muscle is towards lateral/pinky side

A

Digit minimi

71
Q

Ankle Dorsiflexion agonists TaEdlFt

A

• Tibialis anterior
• Extensor digitorum longus
• Fibularis tertius

72
Q

Ankle plantar flexion agonists

A

• Gastrocnemius
• Soleus
• Plantaris

73
Q

Agonists for inversion

A

• Tibialis anterior
• Tibialis posterior

74
Q

Agonists for eversion 4

A

• Fibularis longus
• Fibularis brevis
• Fibularis tertius
• Extensor digitorum longus

75
Q

Agonists for toe flexion

A

• Flexor hallucis longus
• Flexor digitorum longus

76
Q

Agonists for toe extension 2

A

• Extensor hallucis longus
• Extensor digitorum longus

Kinesiology 3200 Principles of Human Movement (11 decks)

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