Ch.1 Foundations Flashcards
What is Structural Kinesiology?
Study of muscles, bones, and joints in the science of movement
Difference between Anatomical position and Fundamental position?
Anatomical is used mostly w/ palms facing forward whereas Fundamental has the palms facing the body
Description of Prone and Supine
Prone- lying on stomach
Supine- lying on back
What are the Axillary lines and the sternum line?
-Anterior Axillary line
-Mid-Axillary line
-Posterior Axillary line
-Mid-sternal line
What are the reference lines for the clavicle, scapula, and vertebrae?
-Mid-Clavicular line
-Scapula line
-Vertebral line
5 Anatomical Directions (CIBCC)
•Contralateral- Opposite side
•Ipsilateral- Same side
•Bilateral- Right and left side
•Caudal- Below, inferior
•Cephalic- Above, superior
3 planes of motion
-Sagittal plane (left and right cut)
-Frontal plane (front and back cut)
-Transverse plane
What movements are in Sagittal plane frontal axis?
Flexion: decreasing joint angle
Extension: increasing joint angle
Movement in frontal plane Sagittal axis?
Abduction: away from body
Adduction: closer to the body
Axis in transverse plane?
Longitudinal axis
What are Axial skeletons and how many bones are there?
-Cephalic (head)
-Cervical(neck)
-Trunk (thoracic, dorsal, abdominal, and pelvic)
—80 bones
What is the Appendicular skeleton and how many bones are there?
-Upper limbs
-Lower limbs
-126 bones
5 Skeletal functions(PSPMH)
• Protection of heart, lungs, brain, etc.
• Support to maintain posture
• Points of attachment
• Mineral storage
• Hemopoiesis- Process of blood formation in the red bone marrow
5 types of bones
•Long bones(humerus, fibula)
• Short bones(carpals, tarsals)
• Flat bones(skull, scapula)
• Irregular bones(pelvis, ethmoid)
• Sesamoid bones(patella)
3 classifications of joints w/ example (SAD)
• Synarthrodial - skull suture
• Amphiarthrodial - tibia/fibula
• Diarthrodial - wrist, ankle
What is the joint relationship between stability and mobility
The more mobile a joint, the less stable
Difference between close-packed joints and open-packed joints
Closed joints: most stable
Open joints: minimal stable
What isotonic movement goes against gravity?
Concentric
What isotonic movement goes with gravity?
Eccentric
4 Anatomical Directional Terminology (DVPP)
• Dorsal -Relating to the back; toward the back, posterior
• Ventral -Relating to the belly or abdomen, front
• Palmar -Palm
• Plantar -Sole or undersurface of the foot
What are bones composed of?
calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, collagen and water
5 typical bony features (DPCEM)
~Diaphysis- Long cylindrical shaft of bones
• Periosteum -Membrane covering outer surface of diaphysis
• Cortex -Hard compact bone forming walls of diaphysis
• Endosteum -Membrane that lines inside the cortex
• Medullary (marrow) cavity -Between walls of diaphysis, having yellow/fatty marrow
4 Typical Bony features (EEA)
• Epiphysis -End of long bones
• Epiphyseal plate (growth plate) -Thin cartilage plate that separate diaphysis and epiphyses
• Articular (hyaline) cartilage -Covers the epiphysis and provides cushion and reduces friction
