Ch.8 "Emotion and Health"

Question 1

Affective Aggression

Answer 1

Hostile or violent behavior that is characterized by impulsiveness and emotional arousal.

Question 2

Aggression

Answer 2

Hostile or violent behavior that is intended to harm another individual.

Question 3

Anterior Cingulate Cortex

Answer 3

A part of the limbic system important in attention, cognitive processing, possibly consciousness, and emotion, including the emotion of pain.

Question 4

Autoimmune Disorder

Answer 4

A disorder in which the immune system attacks the body’s own cells.

Question 5

B Cell

Answer 5

A type of immune cell that fights intruders by producing antibodies that attack a particular intruder.

Question 6

Cognitive Theory

Answer 6

A theory that states that a person relies on a cognitive assessment of the stimulus situation to identify which emotion is being experienced; physiological arousal determines the intensity of the emotional experience.

Question 7

Congenital Insensitivity to Pain

Answer 7

A condition, present at birth, in which the person is insensitive to pain.

Question 8

Cortisol

Answer 8

A hormone released by the adrenal glands that increases energy levels by converting proteins to glucose, increasing fat availability, and increasing metabolism. The increase is more sustained than that produced by epinephrine and norepinephrine.

Question 9

Emotion

Answer 9

A state of feelings accompanied by an increase or a decrease in physiological activity and, possibly, characteristic facial expression and behavior.

Question 10

Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis

Answer 10

A group of structures that help the body cope with stress.

Question 11

Immune System

Answer 11

The cells and cell products that kill infected and malignant cells and protect the body against foreign substances, including bacteria and viruses.

Question 12

Impulsive Aggression

Answer 12

Hostile or violent behavior resulting from a threat (real or imagined) to the individual, characterized by heightened emotionality.

Question 13

Instrumental Aggression

Answer 13

Unprovoked and emotionless hostile or violent behavior intended to result in gain for the individual, such as to intimidate, rob, or kill the victim.

Question 14

James-Lange Theory

Answer 14

The idea that physiological arousal precedes and is the cause of an emotional experience and the pattern of arousal identifies the emotion.

Question 15

Leukocytes

Answer 15

White blood cells, which include macrophages, T cells, and B cells; part of the immune system.

Question 16

Limbic System

Answer 16

A group of forebrain structures arranged around the upper brain stem that have roles in emotion, motivated behavior, and learning.

Question 17

Macrophage

Answer 17

A type of leukocyte that ingests intruders.

Question 18

Microglia

Answer 18

Glial cells that provide immune protection in the central nervous system by acting as macrophages.

Question 19

Mirror Neurons

Answer 19

Cortical neurons that respond when engaging in an act and while observing the same act in others; found in the premotor cortex, supplementary motor area, primary somatosensory cortex, and inferior parietal cortex.

Question 20

Natural Killer Cell

Answer 20

A type of immune cell that attacks and destroys certain kinds of cancer cells and cells infected with viruses.

Question 21

Predatory Aggression

Answer 21

Hostile or destructive behavior in which an animal attacks and kills its prey or a human engages in a premeditated, unprovoked, and similarly relatively emotionless attack.

Question 22

Skin Conductance Response (SCR)

Answer 22

A measure of sweat gland activation and thus sympathetic nervous system activity.

Question 23

Stress

Answer 23

A condition in the environment that makes unusual demands on the organism, such as threat, failure, or bereavement; the individual’s negative response to a stressful situation.

Question 24

Sudden Cardiac Death

Answer 24

A fatal event when stress causes excessive sympathetic activity that sends the heart into fibrillation, contracting so rapidly that little or no blood is pumped.

Question 25

T Cell

Answer 25

A type of leukocyte that attacks specific invaders.