ch.8 Flashcards
what two drug are psychotherapeutics?
Valium and Thorazine
How do we classify psychotherapeutics
antipsychotics, antidepressants, antianxiety drugs
Psychotic disorders symptoms
not consistent concept of reality, hallucinations, delusions, loss of sense of identity, disordered speech, delusions of reference, delusions of persecution
schizophrenic disorder symptoms
disorder of thought, deterioration of thought, emotions are not expressed correctly, loss of a sense of identity, eye tracking abnormalities, ventricular enlargement
types of schizophrenia
- disorganized schizophrenia
- catatonic schizophrenia
- paranoid schizophrenia
- undifferentiated schizophrenia
what is disorganized schizophrenia
language disorder prominent
what is catatonic schizophrenia
waxy flexibility - move arm up and stays there
what is paranoid schizophrenia
society interested
undifferentiated schizophrenia
show some symptoms initial diagnosis then change to more exact diagnosis
antipsychotics classes
classic developed around 1957 and there are three classes
1. thenothiazines
2. butyrophenones
3. dibenzodiazepines
Usually divide the drugs into typical and atypical categories and they appear to reduce all the primary symptoms of schizophrenia
antipsychotics
phenothiazines block what receptors
norepinephrine, dopamine, acetylcholine, serotonin, histamine (don’t allow neurotransmitter to get to receptor)
phenothiazines are anti everything
phenothiazines all of these drugs produced Pseudoparkinsonism by blocking DA
why are phenothizines good drugs to use in a clinic
- not really addictive
- difficult to overdose and commit suicide with
what do phenothiazines produce on people (side effects)
low white blood count, allergic reactions, photosensitivity to skin
what are the four types of mood disorders
major depression, bipolar depression, dysthymia, and monoamine hypothesis
what is major depression
low energy, negative thought, empty
bipolar depression
extreme mood swings, mania, and depression symptoms
dysthymia
PDD (persistant depression) longer lasting
monoamine hypothesis
predicts underlying pathophysiologic basis of depression
what are the 6 classes of antidepressants
- tricyclics
- SSRI’s
- NRI’s
- SNRI’s
- MAOI’s
- Others
what are the three major symptoms of depressive illnesses
- psychomotor slowing
- extreme anxiety
- deterioration of thought and memory
Tricyclics inhibit what
inhibit 5HT or NE reuptake
what is 5HT
serotonin
What is NE
neuroepinephrin
what are the three classes of anti-anxiety drugs
- barbiturates
- meprobamate
- benzodiazepines
what are delusions?
beliefs not based on reality
delusions of reference
illogical thoughts that something is happening that isn’t. ex someone is on the roof trying to shoot me.
delusions of persecution
thinking someone is going to hurt you when they are not.
Dopamine Hypothesis
too much dopamine causes hallucinations and too little causes pseudoparkinsonism.
what is haldol
one of the best antipsychotic drugs and it is a potent d2 blocker.
Dysthymia
a chronic form of depression.
Monoamine hypothesis:
theory that depression is caused by a deficiency or imbalance of the monoamine neurotransmitters
what are the monoamine neurotransmitters
Norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin.
Major symptoms of depressive illness are
less movement, anxiety, and deterioration of thoughts and memory
what drugs do we use for panic disorders?
Xanax, and Klonopin
what drugs do we use for sleeping pills?
Halcion, Alzapam or Ambien (they all have short half lives).
