ch. 7

Question 1

what are example of depressants

Answer 1

alcohol, chloral hydrate, paraldehyde, bromides, methaqualone, barbituates
(mood lowering)

Question 2

what do the depressants drugs produce

Answer 2

they produce sedation, drowsiness, and sleep at low doses

Question 3

Depressants are what type of agonists

Answer 3

GABA

Question 4

What drug had the Mickey Finn of the spy novels

Answer 4

Chloral Hydrate

Question 5

for Chloral Hydrate there were as many addicts in the 1800’s as alcoholics

Question 6

Chloral Hydrate had severe gastric irritation but little respiratory depression

Question 7

Chloral Hydrate was used as a sleep preparation/mostly used recreationally and is pretty safe can’t overdose (caused nausea)

Question 8

Paraldehyde

Answer 8

Has a wide safety margin - big dose can’t kill
Wasn’t used much due to the smell

Question 9

Bromides was used for what

Answer 9

Used as OTC sleep preparations until the 1970’s

Question 10

why is using Bromides for sleep preparation a bad idea?

Answer 10

they hav a long half life, you get a build up when used every night, narrow safety margin so overdose was a real danger

Question 11

what are the terrible side effects of bromides:

Answer 11

dermetitis, constipation, motor disturbances (“hemibalisms”) psychosis and death at higher doses

Question 12

when you use bromides every night you get a build-up

Question 13

what drug had a narrow safety margin so overdose was a real danger

Answer 13

bromides

Question 14

Barbiturates are what?

Answer 14

GABA agonists, have a very dangerous withdrawal, good anticonvulsants, and tolerance over a long period of time.

Question 15

Barbituates synergies

Answer 15

1. using barbituates to sleep and then amphetamines to stay aroused during the day (cause cardiac stress and pulmonary function)

Question 16

Barbituates with Alcohol

Answer 16

profound NS depression and easy to overdose

Question 17

barbituate effects

Answer 17

low doses- sedative with decrease anxiety
higher doses- sleep with REM blocking
tolerance- develops over a long time/drug disposition tolerance
withdrawal- very dangerous with convulsions, hallucinations, seizures and death

Question 18

Methaqualone

Answer 18

produces strong CNS depression, profound decrease body temp, dangerous withdrawal symptoms

Question 19

inhalants description

Answer 19

model airplane glue, fingernail polish remover, type writer correction fluid all contain ACETONE

Question 20

How do most people use inhalants

Answer 20

a plastic bag

Question 21

what do inhalants produce

Answer 21

intoxication and sometimes hallucination

Question 22

what do inhalants affect

Answer 22

very destructive to lung, brain, circulatory system, and if sniffed can degenerate the nose.

Question 23

Aerosol propellants are what

Answer 23

Fluorocarbons

Question 24

Fluorocarbons can cause what to happen to the body

Answer 24

neural degeneration and liver cancer

Question 25

Fluorocarbons was removed from most products because of ozone damage

Question 26

Hydrocarbons also work for inhalants but they affect what

Answer 26

physiologically

Question 27

Nitrous oxide

Answer 27

purchased through headshops, sold in small amounts, rapid onset of action

Question 28

does nitrous oxide have bad side effects

Answer 28

no but it causes intoxication

Question 29

when were barbiturate synthesized?

Answer 29

1862

Question 30

what is barbiturates' withdrawal similar to?

Answer 30

alcohol.

Question 31

what does chloral hydrate do?

Answer 31

1-2 grams will produce rapid onset on unconsciousness for 30 minutes.