CH6

Question 1

an organized collection of data.

Answer 1

database

Question 2

is a group of programs that manipulate the database, and provides an interface between the database and its users and other application programs.

Answer 2

Database management system (DBMS)

Question 3

T/F: Even without data and the ability to process it, an organization could successfully complete most business activities.

Answer 3

false, could not.

Question 4

data consists of raw ____.

Answer 4

facts

Question 5

data must be ______________ to transform it into useful information

Answer 5

organized in a meaningful way

Question 6

a ____ represents a citcuit that is either on or off.

Answer 6

bit (binary digit)

Question 7

T/F: a byte is made up of four bits.

Answer 7

false, eight bits.

Question 8

each byte represents a _____.

Answer 8

character

Question 9

a name, number or combination of characters that describes an aspect of a business object or activity.

Answer 9

field

Question 10

a collection of related data fields.

Answer 10

record

Question 11

a collection of related records.

Answer 11

file

Question 12

a collection of integrated and related files.

Answer 12

database

Question 13

bits, characters, fields, records, files, and databases.

Answer 13

hierarchy of data

Question 14

What is the hierarchy of data? (database/files/records/fields/byte)

Answer 14

database > files > records > fields > byte

Question 15

a person, place, or thing for which data is collected, stored and maintained.

Answer 15

entity

Question 16

a characteristic of an entity.

Answer 16

attribute

Question 17

the specific value of an attribute.

Answer 17

data item

Question 18

a field or set of fields that uniquely identifies the record.

Answer 18

primary key

Question 19

In a (traditional/database) approach to data management, information systems share a pool of related data.

Answer 19

database

Question 20

In a (traditional/database) approach to data management, each distinct operational system used data files dedicated to that system.

Answer 20

traditional

Question 21

In a database approach to data management, the ability to _____ data and information resources is offered.

Answer 21

share

Question 22

In a database approach to data management, a ________ is required.

Answer 22

database management system (DBMS)

Question 23

Summarize in 3 point the Database approach to data management.

Answer 23

• Information systems share a pool of related data
• Offers the ability to share data and information resources
• A database management system (DBMS) is required

Question 24

What are considerations when building a database (name 6 points)

Answer 24

access, security, archiving, content, logical structure, physical organization.

Question 25

a diagram of data entities and their relationships.

Answer 25

data model.

Question 26

data modeling done at the level of the entire enterprise.

Answer 26

enterprise data modeling

Question 27

data models that use basic graphical symbols to show the organization of and relationships between data.

Answer 27

entity-relationship (ER) diagrams.

Question 28

a simple but highly useful way to organize data into collections of two-dimensional tables called relations.

Answer 28

relational model

Question 29

In a relational model, each row in the table represents an _____. And each column represents an _____________.

Answer 29

entity, attribute of that entity.

Question 30

a range of allowable values for a data attribute.

Answer 30

domain

Question 31

eliminating rows according to certain criteria.

Answer 31

selecting

Question 32

eliminating columns in a table.

Answer 32

projecting.

Question 33

combining two or more tables.

Answer 33

joining

Question 34

combining two or more tables through common data attributes to form a new table with only the unique data attributes.

Answer 34

linking.

Question 35

also called data cleaning or data scrubbing

Answer 35

data cleansing

Question 36

the process of detecting and then correcting or deleting incomplete, incorrect, inaccurate, irrelevant records that reside in a database.

Answer 36

data cleansing

Question 37

T/F: the cost of performing data cleansing is inexpensive.

Answer 37

false, it can be quite high.

Question 38

T/F: data cleaning is much like data validation.

Answer 38

false, it is different from data validation.

Question 39

involves the identification of "bad data" and its rejection at the time of data entry.

Answer 39

data validation.

Question 40

T/F: creating and implementing the right database system ensures that the database will support both business activites and goals.

Answer 40

T

Question 41

T/F: capabilities and types of database systems are restricted.

Answer 41

false, they vary considerably

Question 42

a special purpose programming language for accessing and manipulating data stored in a relational database.

Answer 42

SQL

Question 43

SQL databases conform to ________ properties.

Answer 43

ACID

Question 44

ACID properties include:

Answer 44

atomicity, consistency, isolation, and durability.

Question 45

1986: ______ was adopted by ANSI as the standard query language for relational databases.

Answer 45

SQL

Question 46

the standard query language for relational databases.

Answer 46

SQL

Question 47

Database activites (List 4 points):

Answer 47

- providing a user view of the database - adding and modifying data - storing and retrieving data - manipulating the data and generating reports

Question 48

a description of the entire database

Answer 48

schema

Question 49

T/F: a schema can be part of the database or a separate schema file.

Answer 49

true

Question 50

the DBMS can reference a _______ to find where to access the requested data in relation to another piece of data.

Answer 50

schema

Question 51

DDL

Answer 51

Data definition language

Question 52

a collection of instructions and commands used to define and describe data and realtionships in a specific database.

Answer 52

data definition language (DDL)

Question 53

_____ allows the database's creator to describe data and relationships that are to be contained in the schema.

Answer 53

DDL

Question 54

a detailed description of all the data used in the database.

Answer 54

data dictionary

Question 55

can also include a description of data flows, information about the way records are organized, and the data-processing requirements.

Answer 55

data dictionary

Question 56

when an application needs data, it requests the data through the _______.

Answer 56

DBMS

Question 57

______________ deals with the situation in which two or more users or applications need to access the same record at the same time.

Answer 57

concurrency controls

Question 58

DML

Answer 58

Data manipulation language

Question 59

a specific lanuage provided with a DBMS, which allows users to access and modify the data, to make queries, and to generate reports.

Answer 59

Data manipulation language (DML)

Question 60

A ______ can produce a wide variety of documents, reports, and other output that can help organizations achieve their goals.

Answer 60

DBMS

Question 61

skilled and trained IS professionals who applies database progrmaming languages to craft a set of databases to meet those needs.

Answer 61

Database administrators (DBAs)

Question 62

T/F: the data administrator can be a high-level position reporting to top-level managers.

Answer 62

true

Question 63

a nontechnical position responsible for defining and implementing consistent principles for a variety of data issues.

Answer 63

data administrator

Question 64

List 3 things a database administrator (DBA) does.

Answer 64

- test and evaluates databases. - works with users to define their data needs. - assures that data is secure from unauthorized access.

Question 65

DBA

Answer 65

Database Adminstrator

Question 66

database adminstrators implement changes to improve their ________ performance.

Answer 66

databases'

Question 67

T/F: Some of the data issues that a DBA is responsible for implementing consistent principles for is setting data standards and data definitions that apply across ALL the databases in an organization.

Answer 67

true

Question 68

DaaS

Answer 68

Database as a Service

Question 69

a database which is stored on a service provider's servers.

Answer 69

Database as a service (DaaS)

Question 70

DaaS is accessed by the client over a ________.

Answer 70

network, typically the internet

Question 71

T/F: The database adminstration is handed by the user in a DaaS.

Answer 71

false, it is handled by the service provider.

Question 72

List 3 popular database management systems:

Answer 72

- DaaS

Question 73

Amazon relational database service (Amazon RDS) is an example of __________.

Answer 73

DaaS

Question 74

extremely large and complex data collections that traditional data management software, hardware, analysis processes are incapable of dealing with them.

Answer 74

big data

Question 75

the three characteristics of big data are: _________, _______, and ______.

Answer 75

volume, velocity, and variety.

Question 76

adverstising and marketing agencies track comments on social media is an example of _______.

Answer 76

big data uses

Question 77

hospitals analyze medical data and patient records is an example of _______.

Answer 77

big data uses

Question 78

a large database that collects business information from many sources in the enterprise in support of management decision making.

Answer 78

data warehouse

Question 79

provides a means to store and retrieve data that is modeled using some means other than the simple two-dimensional tabular relations used in relational databases.

Answer 79

NoSQL database

Question 80

T/F: NoSQL databases require a predefined schema.

Answer 80

false, they do not require a predefined schema

Question 81

In NoSQL databases, data structures are more ______ and can provide improved access _____ and _______.

Answer 81

flexible, speed and redundancy

Question 82

The ability to spread data over multiple servers so that each server contains only a subset of the total data is an advantage of:

Answer 82

NoSQL databases

Question 83

Name 3 advantages of NoSQL databases.

Answer 83

- they do not require a predefined schema - their data structures are more flexible - they have the ability to spread data over mulitple servers.

Question 84

an open-source software framework that includes several software modules that provide a means for storing and processing extremely large data sets.

Answer 84

Hadoop

Question 85

The two primary components of Hadoop include: A ___________ component (MapReduce), and a ______________ (Hadoop distributed File System, HDFS)

Answer 85

data processing, distributed file system.

Question 86

T/F: Data modeling is a key aspect of organizing data and information.

Answer 86

true

Question 87

T/F:the database approach to data management has become broadly accepted

Answer 87

true