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CH4 Flashcards

1
Q

consists of computer programs that control the workings of computer hardware

A

software

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2
Q

the two types of software:

A

system software, application software

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3
Q

(system software/application software) includes operating system, utilities and middleware that coordinate the activites and functions of the hardware and other programs.

A

system software

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4
Q

(system software/application software) are programs that help users solve particular problems

A

application software

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5
Q

the scope of problems and opportunities addressed by a particular organization

A

sphere of influence

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6
Q

which sphere of influence serves the needs of an individual user?

A

personal sphere of influence

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7
Q

a software that enables users to improve their personal effectiveness

A

personal productivity software

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8
Q

two or more people working together to achieve a common goal

A

workgroup

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9
Q

which sphere of influence helps workgroup members attain their common goals?

A

workgroup sphere of influence

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10
Q

which sphere of influence serves the needs of the firm in its interaction with its envoirment?

A

enterprise sphere of influence

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11
Q

types of system software

A

operating systems, utility programs, middleware

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12
Q

T/F: the application software controls the operations of computer hardware.

A

F, systems software

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13
Q

T/F: A systems software can support the application programs’ problem-solving capabilities.

A

true

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14
Q

a set of programs that controls computer hardware and acts as an interface with application programs.

A

operating systems

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15
Q

the heart of the operating system

A

kernel

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16
Q

controls the most critical processes of the OS

A

kernel

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17
Q

ties all of the OS components together and regulates other programs

A

kernel

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18
Q

a storage device that contains some or all of the OS and can be used to start the computer if having trouble with the primary hard disk.

A

rescue disk

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19
Q

T/F: memory management allows the computer to execute program instructions effectively and to speed processing.

A

true

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20
Q

allocates the hard disk space to supplement the immediate, functional memory capacity of RAM

A

virtual memory

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21
Q

What are the five basic task management techniques (processing tasks)?

A

multiuser, multi-processing, multithreading, real time, and multitasking

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22
Q

allows two or more users to run programs at the same time on one computer.

A

multiuser.

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23
Q

supports running a program on more than one CPU

A

multi-processing

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24
Q

allows more than one program to run concurrently

A

multitasking

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25
allows different threads of a single program to run concurrently
multithreading
26
it is to respond to input instantly
real time
27
paging is an example of
virtual memory
28
allows computers in a network to send and receive data and share computing resources
networking capability
29
T/F: operating systems has access to system resources and security
true
30
operating systems establishes a ______ procedure which may control access to specific system resources
logon
31
Operating systems also manage files by ensuring that files in ________ storage are available when needed.
secondary
32
T/F: operating systems protect files from access by unauthorized users.
true
33
T/F: Mac users can set up their computers to run both Windows and Mac OS X
true
34
Open-source operating system
Linux
35
T/F: Chrome OS is a Linux-based operating system designed for netbooks and nettops
true
36
________ OS is Designed to run on inexpensive low-power computers
Chrome
37
an open-source version of Chrome OS
Chromium OS
38
an operating system for mobile devices
Android
39
z/OS, HP-UX from Hewlett-Packard, and Linux are examples of ________ OSs
mainframe
40
workgroup operating system that can be used on many computer system types and platforms
UNIX
41
which workgroup operating system is a powerful server management system?
Windows server
42
which workgroup operating system provides virtualization tools that allow various operating systems to run on a single server?
Windows server
43
examples of Personal Computing Operating Systems:
microsoft windows, mac OS X, IOS, Linux, Google Chrome, and google android, HP webOS.
44
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server can ______ a cluster of several servers
manage
45
First modern server OS from Apple
MAC OS X server
46
T/F: Mac OS X server was based on the Linux OS.
F, UNIX OS
47
IBM’s first 64-bit enterprise OS
z/OS
48
T/F: Smartphones employ full-fledged computer OSs.
true
49
a computer system (including a processor) implanted in and dedicated to the control of another device.
embedded system
50
Windows embedded and proprietary Linux-based systems are popular OSs for _______________.
embedded systems
51
a program that helps to perform maintenance or correct problems with a system.
utility program
52
software that allows differnet systems to communicate and exchange data.
middleware
53
can also be used as an interface between the internet and private corporate systems.
middleware
54
EAI stands for
Enterprise Application Integration
55
SOA
Service oriented architecture
56
ties together disparate applications.
Enterprise application integration (EAI)
57
a software design approach using modules to provide specific functions as services to other applications.
service-oriented architecture (SOA)
58
Utility programs include:
* Security utilities * File-compression utilities * Spam-filtering utilities * Network and Internet utilities * Server and mainframe utilities * Other utilities: mobile device management (MDM), defraggers, system cleaners, etc.
59
allows individuals to access and interact with the computer system
a user interface
60
A command-based user interface requires _______ commands
text
61
The user interacts with icons and menus to send commands to the computer system
A graphical user interface (GUI)
62
NUI
Natural User Interface
63
T/F: Other user interfaces include: speech recognition, sight interfaces, brain interfaces, and multitouch interfaces.
true
64
API
Application program Interface
65
a set of programming instructions and standards for one software program to access and use the services of another software program.
Application Program Interface (API)
66
T/F: Hardware independence allows software development without concern for the specific underlying hardware.
true
67
A ___________ primary function is to apply the power of the computer to enable people, workgroup, and the entire enerprise to solve problems and perform specific tasks.
application programs'
68
a one-of-a-kind program for a specific application owned by the company, organization, or person that uses it.
proprietary software
69
software mass-produced by software vendors. Addresses needs that are common across businesses, organizations, or individuals
off-the-shelf software
70
companies that provide software, data storage, and other services via the internet.
cloud service providers
71
buisnesses subscribe to web-delivered business application software. Vendors include Oracle, SAP, NetSuite, Salesforce, and Google
software as a service (SaaS)
72
________ is considered one of the leading public cloud service providers.
amazon
73
why is amazon considered one of the leading public cloud service providers?
because of Amazon Web Services (AWS) platform.
74
________ applications store, manipulate, and retrieve data.
Database
75
perform statistical, financial, logical, database, graphics, and date and time calculations using a wide range of built-in functions.
Spreadsheet analysis
76
develops graphs, illustrations, drawings, and presentations.
Presentation Graphics Program
77
Helps people, groups, and organizations store useful information, such as a list of tasks to complete or a set of names and addresses
Personal Information Managers
78
A collection of single programs packaged together in a bundle
Software Suites and Integrated Software Packages
79
_________ can include: word processor, spreadsheet, database management, graphics, communications tools, and organizers
Software Suites
80
T/F: Bundled suite is cost effective.
true
81
tax-preparation program
TurboTax
82
Computer-assisted design (CAD) is an example of _________ application software
personal
83
Statistical software: SPSS and SAS are examples of ________ application softwares.
personal
84
an application program designed to support teamwork with people in the same location or dispersed around the world.
Workgroup application software
85
software that helps groups of people work together more effectively
Groupware
86
Also called collaborative software
Groupware
87
Software that benefits an entire organization
Enterprise application software
88
T/F: Usability on smartphones and mobile devices is an important factor of personal application software.
F, enterprise application software
89
Sets of keywords, commands, symbols, and a system of rules for constructing statements.
Programming languages
90
___________ Allows humans to communicate instructions to a computer
programming languages
91
a set of rules associated with a programming language
Syntax
92
a special software program that converts the programmer’s source code into the machine-language instructions
Compiler
93
__________(SDKs) and _________ (IDEs) have made software development easier than ever.
Software development kits, integrated development environments
94
(SDKs/IDE) combines all the tools required for software engineering into one package
IDE
95
T/F: IDE often serve the purpose of an SDK for a particular platform.
F, SDKs often serve " " " IDE " " " ".
96
Software issues include:
* Software bugs * Copyrights and licensing * Freeware and open-source software * Upgrades * Global software support
97
a defect in a program that keeps it from performing as it should.
Software bug
98
T/F: Most software products are not protected by law using copyright or licensing provisions.
F, they are protected.
99
Permits you to install the software on one or more computers, used by one person
Single-user license
100
software that is made available to the public for free
Freeware
101
T/F: An Open-source software is distributed, typically for free, with the source code
true
102
is called the “soul of the computer”
The OS
103
Organizations typically use _________ software to meet common business needs and ___________ software to meet unique business needs
off-the-shelf software, proprietary software.
104
(GPL)
General Public License
105
General Public License (GPL) grants you the right to:
* Run the program for any purpose * Study how the program works and adapt it to your needs * Redistribute copies so you can help others * Improve the program and release improvements to the public

IS201 (17 decks)

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