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anesthesia and analgesia > Ch5 BB AALA > Flashcards

Ch5 BB AALA Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Which is true regarding carbon dioxide?
    a. Can be used for restraint if mixed with oxygen
    b. Can be used for insufflation
    c. Considered a compressed gas
    d. All
A

D

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2
Q
  1. Which is used to power pneumatic surgical instruments?
    a. Nitrogen
    b. Nitrous oxide
    c. Medical Air
    d. All
A

A

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3
Q
  1. True or False: Large tanks use a spacing of yolk pins to tank holes to prevent the wrong gas from being hooked up
A

FALSE. Etanks use a spacing of yolk pins to tank holes to prevent the wrong gas from being hooked up

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4
Q
  1. What is true?
    a. E – tanks have a pressure relief device
    b. Large tanks have a pressure relief device
    c. Medical gases are treated a drugs
    d. all
A

D

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5
Q
  1. Which color coding for the USA is incorrect?
    a. Oxygen –yellow
    b. Nitrogen –black
    c. C02- Gray
    d. Nitrous oxide –Blue
A

A is false - oxygen is green

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6
Q
  1. What is not an advantage of a central medical gas supply system?
    a. Provides anesthetic scavenging
    b. Can be used for pneumatic instruments
    c Maximizes floor space in the surgical area
    d. Tanks are required in the room
A

D

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7
Q
  1. High pressure system refers to:
    a. Components connected directly to gas cylinders
    b. Gases entering the anesthetic machine at a reduced pressure
    c. The pressure in the patient breathing circuit
    d. All
A

A

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8
Q
  1. What is not true regarding pressure gauges?
    a. Its purpose is to give an accurate estimation of gases used
    b. Accurate for oxygen and nitrogen
    c. Unreliable for gases that are mostly liquid at room temp
    d. They are not always reliable
A

A IS FALSE -Its purpose is to give an accurate estimation of gases remaining

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9
Q
  1. What is not true regarding pressure gauges?
    a. They use a bobbin as a float
    b. Unreliable for carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide
    c. Located on the yolk of small cylinders
A

A is false -

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10
Q
  1. A Thorpe tube is part of:
    a. Flowmeter
    b. Flow restrictor
    c. Oxygen Flush system
    d. None
A

A

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11
Q
  1. Proportioning systems
    a. Prevent the wrong oxygen to nitrogen ratios
    b. revent the wrong oxygen to nitrous oxide ratios
    c. Prevent the wrong oxygen to carbon dioxide ratios
    d. Prevent the wrong oxygen to carbon monoxide ratios
A

B

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12
Q
  1. What is not true regarding absorbent systems?
    a. Located in circle breathing systems
    b. Located on the inspiratory limb
    c. Removes carbon dioxide from inhaled gases
A

C is false -Removes carbon dioxide from exhaled gases

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13
Q
  1. What gas produces Compound A in the presence of adsorbents?
    a. Isoflurane
    b. Metofane
    c. Halothane
    d. Sevoflurane
A

D

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14
Q
  1. True or False: Linearity refers to the relationship between concentration set on the dial of the flow meter Vs the anesthetic delivered.
A

True

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15
Q
  1. Which gas cannot be used in a conventional vaporizer?
    a. Sevoflurane
    b. Medical Air
    c. Desflurane
    d. Nitrous oxide
A

C

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16
Q
  1. True or False: Active scavenging uses pressure in the breathing circuit to drive gas to the interface.
A

False - Passive scavenging uses pressure in the breathing circuit to drive gas to the interface.

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17
Q
  1. True or False: APL valve means Adjustable Pressure Limiting
A

True

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18
Q
  1. What is not true regarding the APL valve?
    a. It is the ‘pop off valve’
    b. Will vent gas to scavenging if pressure gets too high
    c. It is only used in re-breathing systems
    d. It is found in re-breathing and non re-breathing systems
A

C

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19
Q
  1. What is true regarding re-breathing systems?
    a. They contain unidirectional valves
    b. There is no recirculation of gases
    c. There is low internal volume
    d. The flush valve has the same function as the APL valve.
A

A

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20
Q
  1. What is not true regarding non re-breathing systems?
    a. Best used in small patients
    b. Changes in vapor settings are reflected rapidly
    c. Prevention of barotrauma requires a closed APL
    d. Flush valve should not be used
A

C

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21
Q
  1. What is not true regarding non re-breathing systems?
    a. Best used in small patients
    b. Changes in vapor settings are reflected rapidly
    c. Prevention of barotrauma requires a closed APL
    d. Flush valve should not be used
A

A is false. Coaxial is the parallel form of the Mapleson D circuit.

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22
Q
  1. True or False: Rodent anesthesia is delivered by a non-rebreathing circuit
A

True

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23
Q
  1. True or False: Flow restrictors or an adjustable flow meter can maintain a constant pressure within a single arm of a multi-circuit rodent anesthesia machine independent of the other arms.
A

F (just the flow restrictor)

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24
Q
  1. What is minute volume?
A

the total amount of gas delivered to the patient in 1 minute

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25
Q
  1. What is tidal volume?
A

the amount delivered in a single breath

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26
Q
  1. What is inspiratory flow rate?
A

the rate at which the gas enters the airways, in effect, the speed at which a tidal volume is delivered

27
Q
  1. What is inspiratory flow phase?
A

the time from the beginning of inspiratory flow to the beginning to expiratory flow

28
Q
  1. What is expiratory phase time?
A

the period from the end of the inspiratory flow phase until the beginning to the next inspiratory flow phase

29
Q
  1. ________________ or _____________, is the highest pressure that can be generated during the breathing cycle.
A

maximum inspiratory pressure or maximum working pressure

30
Q
  1. What is compliance?
A

the unit change in volume per unit change in pressure

31
Q
  1. True or False: A patient with high compliance will have a lesser increase in lung volume at the same airway pressure than a patient with low compliance.
A

False- greater increase in lung volume

32
Q
  1. What does PEEP stand for?
A

Positive end expiratory pressure

33
Q
  1. What does PEEP maintain/prevent?
A

maintains a controlled minimum pressure in the airways at the end of expiration, preventing complete collapse of the small airways during mechanical ventilation

34
Q
  1. True or False: The basic ventilation mode for most anesthesia ventilators is intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV).
A

True

35
Q
  1. The most common design for an anesthesia ventilator uses what?
A

bellows

36
Q
  1. If a bellows rises upon expiration it is called a ____________ or _____________ bellows; if it falls, it is called a ____________ or____________ bellows.
A

standing or ascending; hanging or descending

37
Q
  1. Which bellow is thought to be advantageous because a leak or disconnection in the breathing circuit is visually obvious?
A

standing bellows

38
Q
  1. True or False: With piston ventilators, all of the tidal volume is delivered to the patient regardless of the airway pressure.
A

True

39
Q
  1. What is a jet ventilator?
A

a small-diameter tube inserted into the trachea through which oxygen is supplied at relatively high pressures, also called transtracheal ventilation

40
Q
  1. Which of the following is a situation that would call for transtracheal ventilation:
    a. endotracheal tube cannot be used
    b. tracheotomy is not desired
    c. during bronchoscopy
    d. in emergencies when an airway cannot be secured
    e. none of the above
    f. all of the above
A

F

41
Q
  1. __________________ is characterized by very high respiration rates and very small tidal volumes.
A

High-frequency ventilation

42
Q
  1. When is high-frequency ventilation technique used?
A

to maintain perfusion and oxygenation in a collapsed lung during surgery or to ventilate patients with some types of lung disease

43
Q
  1. ______________ are among the most common methods used to induce anesthesia in rodents.
A

induction chambers

44
Q
  1. If very large induction chambers must be used, a ____________ can be used to introduce liquid agent in a volume calculated to reach the desired level.
A

Vapor Wand

45
Q
  1. _____________ are the most common means of maintaining inhalational anesthesia in rodents.
A

face masks

46
Q
  1. What is TIVA?
A

total intravenous anesthesia

47
Q
  1. Laryngoscopes are typically divided into ________ or _________ styles.
A

straight or curved

48
Q
  1. Which of the following are straight laryngoscope blades?
    a. Phillips
    b. Robertshaw
    c. Macintosh
    d. Modified Miller
    e. Wisconsin
    f. All of the above
    g. All but c
A

G

49
Q
  1. Which of the following are curved laryngoscope blades?
    a. Phillips
    b. Robertshaw
    c. Macintosh
    d. Choi
    e. Wisconsin
    f. All of the above
    g. Only c and d
A

G

50
Q
  1. What are methods of endotracheal intubation for mice and rats?
A

blind intubation, intubation using direct light, and intubation using indirect light

51
Q
  1. What 2 systems are commercially available for endotracheal intubation of rats and mice?
A

Hallowell EMC Rodent WorkStand and BioLITE system

52
Q
  1. Endotracheal tubes designed for human use have a standard ______ connector to the breathing circuit.
A

15 mm

53
Q
  1. The distal end of endotracheal tubes is beveled, and may have a small opening opposite the bevel called a ______________.
A

Murphy eye

54
Q
  1. What is the purpose of the Murphy eye?
A

provide additional path for gas if the bevel is occluded

55
Q
  1. Gradual increases in cuff pressure often accompany the use of _____________ (silicone/nitrous oxide), as it equilibrates with the gas in the cuff.
A

nitrous oxide

56
Q
  1. ____________ (silicone/nitrous oxide) is especially permeable to gases, so when ET tubes made of this are used, it has been suggested that the cuff be filled with saline, rather than air.
A

silicone

57
Q
  1. Which of the following is considered the most reliable means of confirming proper placement of an ET tube?
    a. condensation on the tube
    b. excursions of reservoir bag in synchrony with respiration
    c. observation of a normal capnographic waveform
    d. all of the above
A

C

58
Q
  1. ____________ are short tubes with a standard 15 mm breathing circuit connector, terminating in a cuffed, concave silicone mask to fit over the laryngeal entry to the trachea.
A

laryngeal mask airways

59
Q
  1. Size ___ laryngeal masks have been used in rabbits, while size ____ have been used in cats.
A

1,2

60
Q
  1. How does a laryngeal tube differ from a laryngeal mask?
A

laryngeal tube has a distal, esophageal balloon to occlude the esophagus and a more proximal, larger balloon to seal the pharynx

61
Q
  1. What sized catheters have been used for endotracheal tubes in adult rats?
A

14G or 16G

62
Q
  1. What sized catheters have been used for endotracheal tubes in mice?
A

20 G

63
Q
  1. Which of the following refers to a flexible tube inserted into the trachea and used to guide an endotracheal tube threaded over it into the correct position?
    a. endotracheal tube introducers
    b. intubation guides
    c. intubation stylets
    d. bougies
    e. all of the above
    f. none of the above
A

E

anesthesia and analgesia (6 decks)

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