ch38 Flashcards
Which of the following structures develops from the ovary after fertilization?
The fruit
Which of the following statements correctly describes a multiple fruit?
A multiple fruit develops from the many carpels of the many flowers that form an inflorescence.
Which of the following statements correctly describes the structure of a complete flower?
Complete flowers contain all four basic floral organs: stamen, carpel, petal, and sepal.
In a potato, the “eyes” are vegetative buds. These buds can develop into an entirely new plant. This is an example of _________.
fragmentation
A generative cell and a tube cell originate when __________.
a microspore undergoes mitosis and cytokinesis
In an environment that is very stable, with reliable moisture and temperature, what type of reproduction would be most advantageous for a plant and why?
Asexual reproduction, because it ensures that the genes that have proven to adapt the plant well to the environment will be passed on to the next generation
In the process of pollination, pollen grains are transferred from the __________ to the __________.
anther; stigma
Which of the following structures is not part of a seed?
Stamen
Double fertilization means that __________.
one sperm is needed to fertilize the egg, and a second sperm is needed to fertilize the polar nuclei
Which statement below accurately describes protoplast fusion?
Protoplasts can be screened for mutations that may improve the agricultural value of the plant.
What might be the effect of a mutation that deactivates an S-gene in a plant in which gametic incompatibility typically occurs?
The gametes of the individual plant would self-fertilize.
Which portion of an embryonic plant consists of the shoot tip with a pair of miniature leaves?
Epicotyl
Which of the following statements correctly describes one difference between a megasporangium and a microsporangium?
A megasporangium is found in the ovary of a flower, and a microsporangium is found in the anther of a flower.
A plant that has flowers that are brightly colored would likely be pollinated by ________.
bees
The black dots that cover strawberries are actually individual fruits. The fleshy and tasty portion of a strawberry derives from the receptacle of a flower with many separate carpels. Therefore, a strawberry is __________.
both an aggregate fruit and an accessory fruit
How do most flowering plants avoid self-fertilization?
They have self-incompatibility and reject their own pollen.
A pea pod is formed from __________. The pea inside the pod is formed from __________.
an ovary; an ovule
In the alternation of generations in plants, __________.
the gametes are produced by the gametophyte through mitosis and cellular differentiation
What does the “Bt” in Bt maize refer to?
A gene that causes the plants to produce a chemical that becomes toxic within insect guts.
Why do seeds need water to germinate?
Imbibition of water causes the seed coat to swell and allows the cells of the embryo to rehydrate.
What is a major advantage of herbicide-resistant crops?
They allow farmers to “weed” with herbicides, cutting down on soil tillage and erosion.
Which of the following structures contain(s) and protect(s) the seeds in an angiosperm plant?
Ovaries
The female structures of angiosperms are called __________, and they produce __________.
carpels; ovules
The male structures of angiosperms are called __________, and they produce __________.
anthers; pollen
