ch37 Flashcards
Which of the following nutrient-deficiency symptoms is correctly matched with the deficient mineral?
chlorosis at the tips of older leaves; nitrogen
If a plant is deficient in __________, it will not be able to make DNA.
phosphorus
Epiphytes are a type of plant that ________.
grows on other plants without using the host plants for nutrients
If a plant’s leaves are yellowing, it may be that the plant is deficient in the elements needed to make chlorophyll, one of which is __________.
magnesium
Which is true regarding mineral deficiency symptoms in plants?
Growing tissues would show signs of mineral deficiency of mobile nutrients after older tissues.
The relationship between mycorrhizae and plants benefits both organisms because _________.
the host plant provides the fungus with a steady supply of sugar, and the fungus increases the surface area of the plant’s roots for nutrient absorption
Which of the following nutrient-deficiency symptoms is correctly matched with the deficient nutrient?
reduced internode length; zinc
Nitrogen fixation is __________.
converting nitrogen in the air to a form usable by plants
Many people add various types of fertilizers to their plants to facilitate growth. What does fertilizer contain that facilitates plant growth?
Fertilizer contains minerals that are essential for healthy plant growth.
The topsoil and other soil layers are referred to as _________.
soil horizons
Which of the following statements is correct regarding mycorrhizae?
Ectomycorrhizae form a dense sheath over the surface of a plant’s roots.
A cattle farmer is forced to use antibiotics to treat an outbreak of bacterial infections in his herd of cattle. The antibiotic is excreted by the cattle in their urine and feces and ends up in an irrigation ditch that provides water for a nearby soybean (a legume) farmer. The soybean farmer begins to notice that his soybean crop is not growing as well as usual.
What might be the cause of this change in the growth of the soybeans?
The antibiotic got into the soil and killed many of the bacteria that provide usable nitrogen to the soybeans.
What is the goal of phytoremediation?
To clean contaminated sites by using plants that have the ability to extract and store soil pollutants.
Soil can easily become deficient in ________, because these ions are negatively charged and do not stick to negatively charged soil particles.
nitrate
“Smart plants” are genetically engineered plants that can _________.
signal, before any damage to the plant has occurred, when a nutrient deficiency is imminent
All of the following statements regarding soil pH are correct except ________.
Plants prefer basic soil pH.
Which of the following organisms can fix nitrogen?
Rhizobia
Legumes (members of the pea family) have roots with swellings called nodules that __________.
contain nitrogen-fixing bacteria
The most abundant gas in our atmosphere cannot be used by plants directly in its atmospheric form and is, therefore, captured by certain bacteria that live symbiotically in their roots.
What is this gas?
Nitrogen
The biological process that produces 96% of the dry mass of a plant is called __________.
photosynthesis
Mycorrhizae develop __________.
between roots and beneficial fungi
Which of the following processes occurs in the nodules of legume roots?
nitrogen fixation
Which of the following substances does a plant obtain from the air?
Carbon
Which of the following statements correctly describes macronutrients?
Plants require macronutrients in relatively large amounts.
