Ch27 Biotechnology

Question 1

What is recombinant DNA technology?

Answer 1

It is a technology in which a fragment of DNA from a donor cell is isolated and then inserted into the DNA of another cell or organism.

Question 2

Steps of using recombinant DNA technology

Answer 2

1.Obtain DNA fragments from ###
2.Cut the DNA fragments and plasmid using the same restriction enzyme
3.Join the DNA fragment and open plasmid using DNA ligase to form a recombinant plasmid
4. Introduce the recombinant plasmid into host cell
5. Gene is expressed and a lot of ### is produced
6. Isolate and purify ####

Question 3

Application of recombinant DNA technology

Answer 3

To produce pharmaceutical products and for gene therapy in medicine
To increase the productivity and nutritional vlaue of crops and farm animals in agriculture and food production

Question 4

What is DNA fingerprinting

Answer 4

It is a technique to identify individuals by analysing the length of the variable regions of DNA

Question 5

Steps of DNA fingerprinting

Answer 5

1. Extract DNA from sample of tissues
2. Obtain DNA fragments containg highly variable regions
3. Cut the DNA fragments with restriction enzyme into small fragments
4. Seperate DNA fragments according to their size using gel electropherosis
5. Stain the DNA bands to produce a DNA fingerprint

Question 6

Principal of electopherosis

Answer 6

1. DNA fragments are negatively charged
2. Under an electric field, they move towards the postive terminak of the gel slab
3. Shorter DNA fragments love faster than the longer ones
4. DNA fragments are seperated into bands according to their size
5. After stain, a DNA fingerprint is obtained

Question 7

Genome

Answer 7

Is the complete set of DNA of an organism, including all its gene.