Ch25 Flashcards
1
Q
Suffrage for women expands in much of Europe
A
1913 - 1925
2
Q
World War I begins
A
1914
3
Q
Irish nationalists stage Easter Uprising against British rule
A
1916
4
Q
Revolution in Russia overturns tsarist autocracy
A
March, 1917
5
Q
United States enters World War I
A
April, 1917
6
Q
Bolshevik Revolution in Russia
A
November, 1917
7
Q
Armistice ends fighting of World War I
A
November, 1918
8
Q
Revolutionary turmoil throughout Germany
A
November, 1918
9
Q
Kaiser abdicates
A
November, 1918
10
Q
Civil war in Russia
A
1918 - 1922
11
Q
Weimar Republic is established
A
1919
12
Q
Paris Peace Conference redraws map of Europe
A
1919 - 1920
13
Q
Ireland gains independence
A
1922
14
Q
Fascist march on Rome
A
1922
15
Q
Mussolini becomes prime minister
A
1922
16
Q
Joyce, Ulysses
A
1922
17
Q
Hitler builds Nazi Party
A
1922
18
Q
Lenin dies
A
1924
19
Q
Stalin and Trotsky contend for power
A
1924
20
Q
Period of general economic prosperity and stability
A
1924 - 1929
21
Q
Stock market crash in United States
A
October, 1929
22
Q
Which year ended tsarist autocracy in Russia?
A
1917
23
Q
Which year the German Weimar Republic was established?
A
1919
24
Q
Which were the main results of World War 1? Please give at least four results
A
- Destroyed 4 empires: German, Austro-Hungarian, Ottoman, and Romanov
- Economic destruction
- Treaty of Versailles
- Feeling of betrayal in Germany which paved the way to World War 2
25
Total war
A war with full mobilization of soldiers, civilians, and technology of the nations involved.
26
Cult of the offensive
A military strategy of constantly attacking the enemy that was believed to be the key to winning World War I but that brought great loss of life nit victory
27
Schlieffen Plan
The Germans’ strategy in World War I that called for attacks on two fronts — concentrating first on France to the west and then turning east to attack
Russia.
28
Fourteen points
U.S. president Woodrow Wilson’s World War I peace proposal;
To ensure
- official end of war
- impose repatriation costs
- address colonial issues
- League of Nations founded(prevent future wars)
29
Soviets
Councils of workers and soldiers first formed in Russia in the Revolution of 1905;
they were revived to represent the people in the early days of the 1917 Russian Revolution.
30
V.I Lenin
Bolshevik leader started Bolshevik Revolution in the fall of 1917, took Russia out of World War I, and imposed communism in Russia.
31
Bolshevik Revolution
The overthrow of Russia’s Monarch in the fall of 1917 by V. I. Lenin and his Bolshevik forces
32
Weimar republic
The parliamentary republic established in 1919 in Germany to replace the monarchy.
33
Peace of Paris
The series of peace treaties (1919–1920) that provided the settlement of World War I.
The Treaty of Versailles with Germany was the centerpiece of the Peace of Paris.
34
League of Nations
The international organization set up following World War I to maintain peace by arbitrating disputes and promoting collective security.
35
mandate system
The political control over the former colonies and territories of the German and Ottoman Empires granted to the victors of World War I by the League of Nations.
36
Benito Musssini
Leader of Italian fascist movement and, after the March on Rome in 1922, dictator of Italy
37
Facism
A doctrine that emphasizes violence and glorifies the state over the people and their individual or civil rights; in Italy, the Fascist Party took hold in the 1920s as Mussolini consolidated power.
38
In what ways was World War I a total war?
Mobilization of entire societies, economic and industrial resources
39
Why did people rebel during World War I, and what turned rebellion into outright revolution in Russia?
Due to war fatigue, economic hardships, and loss of life.
40
What were the major outcomes of the postwar peacemaking process?
reaty of Versailles, League of Nations, redrawing of national borders.
↳ Women voted into parliament, attempts to create separate governments.
41
What were the major political, social, and economic problems facing postwar Europe, and how did governments attempt to address them?
Political instability, social unrest, economic depression
↳Through political reforms, social welfare programs, and economic policies, refugees were taken in, revolts were addressed by parliament
42
How did the postwar atmosphere influence cultural expression and encourage the trend toward dictatorship?
The desire for stability and strong leadership amidst chaos, mass culture allowed authoritarian rulers to shape political thought and control citizens.
43
How did the experience of war shape postwar mass politics?
destroyed empires
new nation-states, encouraged independence movements in Europe's colonies
USA becoming world power
led directly to Soviet communism and the rise of Hitler
44
What social changes from World War I carried over into the postwar years, and why?
altered status of women
The Representation of the People Act 1918 granted the vote to all men over the age of 21, and 8.5m women over 30 who were householders or who owned property.
45
How did postwar artistic and cultural innovations build on the modern movements that developed between 1890 and 1914?
Art produced postwar portrayed a Utopian Fantasy turned upside down: dystopias of life in a war-traumatized Europe multiplied
46
What changes did the war bring to relationships between European countries and
their Colonies?
People living in the colonies began to campaign for their rights, leading to many specific independent movements
47
Treaty of Versailles
Germany had to
- give Alsace and Lorraine to France
- Pay 132 billion gold marks for restoration
- reduce army
- give up colonies
- article 231 ( war guilt clause - germany fully responsible for ww1)
