Ch.23 Body Mechanics Flashcards
The consequences of inactivity are collectively referred to as the ____________ syndrome.
Disuse
Good posture distributes ____________ through the center of the body over a wide base of support.
Gravity
Muscle ____________ occur more often when muscles are strained and forced to work beyond their capacity.
Spasms
____________ is a specialty field of engineering science devoted to promoting comfort, performance, and health in the workplace.
Ergonomics
Placing a bed in a slight ____________ position may help keep the client from sliding down toward the foot of the bed.
Trendelenburg
____________ refers to moving a client from the bed to a chair, toilet, or stretcher and back to the bed again.
Transfer
____________ are the bony protrusions at the head of the femur near the hip.
Trochanters
Foot drop hinders ____________ because it interferes with a person’s ability to place the heel on the floor.
Ambulation
What is the picture depicting?
The figure shows a good standing posture.
What are its benefits?
A good posture, whether in a standing, sitting, or lying position, distributes gravity through the center of the body. It affects a person’s appearance, stamina, and ability to use the musculoskeletal system efficiently.
What is the patient wearing and what is the purpose?
The figure shows protective boots to avoid foot drop.
What is this device used for?
Footboards, boots, and splints are devices that prevent foot drop by keeping the feet in a functional position.
Contains inflated air sacs within the mattress
Low air loss bed
Contains a collection of tiny beads within a mattress cover
Air-fluidized bed
Slowly and continuously rocks the client from side to side in a 124-degree arc
Oscillating Support
The client is sandwiched between the anterior and posterior frames in a 180-degree arc
Circular bed
Presented here, in random order, are steps in using a transfer board to transfer a client from a bed to a chair. Write the correct sequence in the boxes provided.
- Angle the transfer board from the client’s buttocks and hips down toward the seat of the chair.
- Slide the client down the transfer board into the seat of the chair at an agreed-upon signal.
- Remove an arm from the wheelchair and slide the client to the edge of the bed.
- Support and brace the client’s knee with your knees while maintaining proper body mechanics.
- Position the transfer board beneath the client.
- Remove an arm from the wheelchair and slide the client to the edge of the bed.
- Angle the transfer board from the client’s buttocks and hips down toward the seat of the chair.
- Position the transfer board beneath the client.
- Support and brace the client’s knee with your knees while maintaining proper body mechanics.
- Slide the client down the transfer board into the seat of the chair at an agreed-upon signal.
How is a good sitting posture maintained?
In a good sitting position, the buttocks and upper thighs become the base of support. Both feet rest on the floor. The knees are bent, with the posterior of the knee free from the edge of the chair to avoid interfering with distal circulation.
What are the benefits of maintaining good body mechanics?
The use of proper body mechanics increases muscle effectiveness, reduces fatigue, and helps to avoid repetitive strain injuries that result from cumulative trauma to musculoskeletal structures.
What causes ergonomic hazards to health care workers?
Health care workers are vulnerable to ergonomic hazards in the workplace as a direct consequence of lifting clients, reaching and lifting with loads far from the body, twisting while lifting, unexpected changes in load demand during the lift, reaching low or high to begin a lift, and moving or carrying a load at significant distance.
What are the potential problems of an air-fluidized bed?
In an air-fluidized bed, fluid balance in the client may become a problem because of the accelerated evaporation caused by the warm, blowing air.
Puncturing or tearing the mattress is also a potential problem.
What are the effects of immobility faced by older adults?
By the seventh or eighth decade of life, muscle strength, endurance, and coordination decline. Older adults need to maintain as much mobility as possible to prevent disability.
A nurse is caring for a senior client with a fractured leg following a fall. When caring for this client, the nurse should take precautions to prevent injuries to themselves.
What care should the nurse take before planning to turn and move the client?
Before planning to turn and move the client, the nurse should assess the client and the situation as follows:
- Assess for risk factors that may contribute to inactivity.
- Determine the time of the client’s last position change.
- Assess their own physical, mental, and emotional ability to assist in turning, positioning, or moving.
- Inspect for drainage tubes and equipment.
What should the nurse do as part of planning to move the client?
As part of planning before moving the client, the nurse should consider the following:
- Explain the procedure to the client. .3
- Remove all pillows and current positioning devices.
- Raise the bed to a suitable working height (elbow height).
- Secure two or three additional caregivers, positioning and moving devices (e.g., roller sheets, repositioning sling, mechanical lift), or both if the client cannot assist.
- Close the door or draw the bedside curtain.
