Ch.19 Safety

Question 1

A(n) ____________ burn is a skin injury caused by flames, hot liquids, or steam and is the most common form of burn.

Answer 1

Thermal

Question 2

____________ is the inability to breathe and results from airway obstruction, drowning, or inhalation of noxious gases such as smoke or carbon monoxide.

Answer 2

Asphyxiation

Question 3

____________ is a harmless distribution of low-amperage electricity over a large area of the body.

Answer 3

Macro shock

Question 4

____________ are used to restrict a person’s freedom of movement, physical activity, or normal access to their body.

Answer 4

Restraints

Question 5

____________ dermatitis refers to a delayed localized skin reaction that occurs within 6 to 48 hours and lasts several days.

Answer 5

Contact

Question 6

A(n) ____________ is a substance that facilitates the flow of electrical current.

Answer 6

Conductor

Question 7

A ____________ is a plan or set of steps to follow when implementing an intervention.

Answer 7

Protocol

Question 8

____________ refers to the loss of bone mass, which increases the risk for fractures, especially in older women.

Answer 8

Osteoporosis

Question 9

A ____________ diverts leaking electrical energy to the earth.

Answer 9

Ground

Question 10

A ____________ is low-voltage but high-amperage electricity.

Answer 10

Micro shock

Question 11

Identify the figure

Answer 11

The figure shows a decision tree for treating ingested poison.

Question 12

Explain the management of accidental poisoning.

Answer 12

The initial treatment for a victim of suspected poisoning involves maintaining breathing and cardiac function. After that, rescuers attempt to identify what was ingested, how much, and when. Definitive treatment depends on the substance, the client’s condition, and whether the substance is still in the stomach. For ingestions of commercial products containing multiple ingredients, the poison control center is consulted.

Question 13

Identify the figure

Answer 13

The figure shows examples of restraint alternatives.

Question 14

Differentiate between restraints and restraint alternatives.

Answer 14

Restraints are methods of restricting a person’s freedom of movement, physical activity, or normal access to their body. Restraint alternatives are protective or adaptive devices that promote client safety and postural support, but which the client can release independently. Restraint alternatives are generally appropriate for clients who tend to need repositioning to maintain their body alignment or to improve their independence and functional status. Although the use of restraints is intended to prevent falls and other injuries, in many cases their risks outweigh their benefits.

Question 15

d

Answer 15

Class A

Question 16

a

Answer 16

Class B

Question 17

b

Answer 17

Class C

Question 18

c

Answer 18

Class ABC

Question 19

Presented here, in random order, are the steps to be taken during fire management. Write the correct sequence in the boxes provided.

1. Rescue
2. Confine the fire
3. Alarm
4. Extinguish

Answer 19

1. Rescue
2. Alarm
3. Confine the fire
4. Extinguish

Question 20

Presented here, in random order, are the steps to be taken during the management of accidental poisoning resulting from the consumption of sedatives. Write the correct sequence in the boxes provided.

1. Check for vital signs.
2. Administer laxatives.
3. Give activated charcoal.
4. Induce vomiting.

Answer 20

1. Check for vital sign
2. Induce vomiting
3. Give activated charcoal
4. Administer laxatives.

Question 21

What are the types of latex reaction?

Answer 21

Latex reactions are of two types—contact dermatitis and immediate hypersensitivity. Contact dermatitis is a delayed, localized skin reaction that occurs within 6 to 48 hours and lasts several days. Immediate hypersensitivity is an instantaneous or fairly prompt systemic reaction manifested by swelling, itching, respiratory distress, hypotension, and death in severe cases.

Question 22

What are the methods used to prevent thermal burns?

Answer 22

To prevent thermal burns, stay away from flames and use hot liquids with care. Exits must be identified, lighted, and unlocked. Most fire codes require that public buildings, including hospitals and nursing homes, have a functioning sprinkler system.

Question 23

What are the methods used to prevent thermal burns?

Answer 23

Carbon monoxide, an odorless gas, is released during the incomplete combustion of carbon products, such as fossil fuels, that are commonly used to heat homes. When inhaled, carbon monoxide binds with hemoglobin and interferes with the oxygenation of cells. Without adequate ventilation, the consequences can be lethal. This is called carbon monoxide poisoning.

Question 24

What measure should be practiced to prevent drowning?

Answer 24

The following measures should be practiced to prevent drowning: Learn to swim. Never swim alone.

Wear an approved flotation device. Do not drink alcohol when participating in water-related sports. Notify a law enforcement officer if boaters appear unsafe.

Question 25

What is meant by restraint alternatives?

Answer 25

Restraint alternatives are protective or adaptive devices that promote client safety and postural support, but that the client can release independently.

Restraint alternatives are generally appropriate for clients who tend to need repositioning to maintain their body alignment or to improve their independence and functional status.

Some examples include seat inserts or gripping materials that prevent sliding, support pillows, seat belts or harnesses with front-releasing Velcro or buckle closures, and commercial or homemade tilt wedges.

Question 26

A nurse is caring for a senior client who is confused but has a steady gait. Repeatedly, the client tries to get out of their room. The nurse plans to restrain the client to prevent them from walking off the premises.

What kind of alternative restraint should the nurse use on the client?

Answer 26

The nurse should not use conventional restraints because the client has a steady gait and there is no risk associated with their ambulation.

The nurse can use restraint alternatives and other supplementary measures like assistive ambulatory devices, and use an electronic seat and bed monitors.

Question 27

What are the disadvantages of conventional restraints?

Answer 27

Conventional restraints have many disadvantages.

Restrained clients become:

• Increasingly confused
• Suffer chronic constipation
• Incontinence
• Infections such as pneumonia
• Pressure ulcers
• Experience a progressive decline in their ability to perform activities of daily living.

Restrained clients are more likely to die during their hospital stay than those who are not restrained.