Ch20 gene expression

Question 1

Mutation

Answer 1

change to the base sequence of DNA

Question 2

Base substitution

Answer 2

1. base sequence changes
2. triplet codes for different amino acid
3. change in primary structure
4. change in tertiary structure
5. active site is changed

Question 3

Mutagenic agents

Answer 3

1. ultraviolet radiations
2. ionising radiation
3. chemicals(NO2)

Question 4

Addition/Duplication of bases

Answer 4

1. frame shift to the right
2. change in base sequence
3. triplets code for different amino acids
4. primary structure changes
5. tertiary structure changes

Question 5

Deletion of bases

Answer 5

1. frame shift to the left
2. change in base sequence
3. triplets code for different amino acids
4. primary structure changes
5. tertiary structure changes

Question 6

Reason mutation has no affect

Answer 6

1. degenerate code
2. affects introns

Question 7

Genome

Answer 7

complete set of genes in the cell of an organism

Question 8

Proteome

Answer 8

complete set of proteins the genome codes for

Question 9

Translocation

Answer 9

1. group of bases separate
2. insert into DNA of different chromosome

Question 10

Benzopyrene

Answer 10

1. tobacco
2. adds group to guanine
3. can’t bind to cytosine
   4.

Question 11

Nitrous acid

Answer 11

1. remove NH2 form cytosine
2. becomes uracil

Question 12

Sequencing prokaryotic organisms

Answer 12

1. much easier
2. only one circular piece of DNA not associates with histones
3. no introns