Ch18 Special Senses

Question 1

What are the three anatomical regions of the ear?

Answer 1

The external ear that ends at the Tympanic membrane.

The middle ear that ends at the oval window

And the inner ear

Question 2

Where are the ceruminous glands found and what is the function of these glands?

Answer 2

Found in the External ear function is to secrete waxing material and small hairs that help deny access from foreign material

Question 3

What bones make up the auditory ossicles how are these bones arranged and how do they amplify sound

Answer 3

The malleus Incus and stapes

They act as lovers that transfer sound and vibration from thetympanum to a fluid filled chamber in the inner ear

Question 4

Describe the relationship between the labyrinth and the boney labyrinth

Answer 4

Memberus Labrinth contains endolymph the boney

labyrinth protects the members outer layer fused to the Temporel bone and contains. Perilymph that acts like CSF

Question 5

What three structures into which the bony labyrinth is divided

Answer 5

Vestibule, Semicircular Canal’s and the cochlea

Question 6

What is the function of the utricle and saccule

Answer 6

Receptors in the utricle and saccule provide sensation of gravity and linear acceleration

Question 7

What structure of us on the surface of the oval window

Answer 7

The base of the steps almost completely fills the window the annual ligament completes the seal

Question 8

What are Hair cells?

Answer 8

Hair cells are inside the cochlea they help keep your balance and help you hear

Question 9

What is the function of the semicircular Canal’s

Answer 9

Detect head rotation in any rotation/direction called angular rotation

Question 10

What structures are found in the vestibular complex

Answer 10

Part of inner ear that provides equilibrium consist of semicircular Canal’s utricle and Saccule

Question 11

Describe the arrangement of ducts in the cochlea

Answer 11

The vestibular duct surrounded by vestibular membrane connected to the

cochlear duct inside is the tectorial membrane that sits on the basilar membrane separates from the

Tympanic duct lined with the organ of Corti

Question 12

What is the organ of Corti in which duct of the cochlea is the structure found?

Answer 12

Located in the cochlear duct Attached to the basilar membrane contains hair cells

Question 13

Describe the steps involved and auditory sensation

Answer 13

1. Sound waves arrive at the Tympanic membrane
2. movement of the Tympanic membrane causes displacement of the auditory ossicles
3. Movement of the stapes at the oval window establishes pressure waves in the Perilymph of the vestibular duct
4. the pressure waves distort the basilar membrane on the way to the round window of the Tympanic duct.
5. vibration of the basilar membrane causes vibration of hair cells against the tectorial membrane resulting in her simulation and neurotransmitter released

6.information concerning the frequency and intensity of stimulation is related to the CNS over the cochlear branch of nerve eight

Question 14

What nerve sends auditory sensations to the brain

Answer 14

Nerve eight vestibulocochlear nerve

Question 15

What are the palpebrae

Answer 15

Eyelids

Question 16

What is the function of the lacrimal apparatus?

Answer 16

Produces distributes and removes tears

Question 17

Name the three tunics of the eye

Answer 17

Fibrous tunic vascular tunic and neural tunic

Question 18

In which tunic is the cornea and Sclera found

Answer 18

The fibrous tunic

Question 19

what three structures are found in the vascular tunic and what are their functions

Answer 19

Choroid- supplies blood and nutrients contains melanocytes
Ciliary body- attaches to iris
suspensory ligament’s Attached to the lens
Iris – two layers of muscles pupillary sphincter muscles and pupillary dilator muscles

Question 20

What is the pupil

Answer 20

Central opening of the iris that allows light to strike the retina

Question 21

Name the layers of the neural tunic a.k.a. retina

Answer 21

Neural layer inner

pigmented layer outer absorbs light

Question 22

What is the function of rods and cones which is more numerous

Answer 22

Rods for twilight tale damn light located in the boundary of retina

Cones few were used for a day bright light located in the center of the retina

Both are photo receptors found in the eye

Question 23

What are the macula lutea and fovea centralis

Answer 23

Macula lutea- is where most cones are more visual image arrives after passing through cornea and lens

Fovea centralis- Site of sharpest visions when you look directly

Question 24

What are the two main chambers of the eye and let fluids are found in this chambers

Answer 24

The posterior cavity contains vitreous body

the anterior cavity composed of the anterior and posterior chamber consist of aqueous humor

Question 25

What is the function of the lens

Answer 25

Function is to focus the image onto the retinal photo receptors accomplished by changing its shape