Ch13 Neural Tissue Flashcards
What is the function of the Myelin sheath? What are the cells that form this sheath in the central and peripheral nervous system
It is an insulator and conductor of electrical signals (action potential)down the axon it is 10-50 times faster,
CNS oligodendrocytes
Pns Schwann cells
What are the characteristics of neural tissue
2 cell types
Neurons: transfer and process information do electricity [Soma Axon and dendrites]
Neuroglia: Supporting cells protects, isolates, supports, framework, 5X more than neurons. 6subtypes
What are the six types of neuroglia cells
Satellite cells (PNS) Schwann cells(PNS)
Oligodendrocytes (CNS)
Astrocytes (CNS)
Microglia (CNS)
Ependymal (CNS)
Explain the function of the PNS neuroglia cells
Satellite cells: surround neuron cell bodies regulate 02 and CO2, nutrients and neurotransmitters.
Schwan cells: surround the axon creating the myelin sheath and help repair after injury
Explain the function of the CNS neuroglia cells
Oligodendrocytes: produce myelin sheath structures and framework.
Astrocytes: blood brain barrier
Microglia: immune system cells protecting cells
Ependymal: Lines the ventricles circulate makes and maintains cerebral fluid
What is the function of the sensory neurons
Sends information from PNS to CNS
(Afferent division) / sensory input
What is the function of motor neurons
Send information from CNS to PNS
(Efferent division) / motor output
What is the function of interneurons (association neurons)
Found only in CNS coordinates between motor and sensory, Can excite or inhibit
Gray matter versus white matter
Gray matter:cell bodies, groups of neuron cell bodies and unmyelinated axons
White matter: axons with myelinated axon
nucleus versus ganglion
Nucleus: CNS group of cell bodies
Ganglion: PNS group of cell bodies
Tract versus nerve
Tract: CNS bundle of axons
Nerve: PNS bundle of Axons
***Sensory tract versus Motor tract
Sensory:
Somatic versus autonomic nervous system
Somatic: voluntary motor output skeletal muscle
Autonomic: Involuntary motor output parasympathetic and sympathetic
Both PNS efferent division
What is the difference between the central and peripheral nervous system
Central nervous system is responsible for integrating processing and coordinating sensory input
Peripheral nervous system provides sensory info to the CNS and carries motor commands away from the CNS
What are the components of the central nervous system
Sensory input stimulation from external or internal environment that is sent to the CNS for processing
Motor output the appropriate response for a stimulus sent to the central nervous system to the effector gland cells tissue that respond
CNS is the seat of intelligence memory learning and emotion
Brain and spinal cord