Ch18 Introduction To Organic Chemistry Flashcards
Define organic chemistry:
Studies on the structure, properties and reactions of organic compounds that contain carbon in covalent bonding
Define hydrocarbons:
Organic compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen only
The Alkanes and Alkenes are two series of hydrocarbons
Define saturated hydrocarbons:
Hydrocarbons molecules in which the carbon-carbon bonds are single covalent bonds
Define alkanes:
A series of hydrocarbons with the general formula CnH2n+2
They are saturated compounds (only has single bonds between carbon atoms in their structure)
Define molecular formula:
Formula that shows the actual number of atoms of each element present in a molecule of the compound
Define displayed formula:
A representation of the structure of a compound that shows all the atoms and bonds in the molecule
Define Alkenes:
A series of hydrocarbons with the general formula CnH2n
They are unsaturated molecules as they have a C=C double bond somewhere in the chain
Define unsaturated hydrocarbons:
Hydrocarbons whose molecules contain at least one carbon-carbon double/ triple bond
Define addition reaction:
A reaction in which a simple molecule adds across the carbon-carbon double bond of an Alkeen
Define homologous series:
A family of similar compounds with similar chemical properties due to the presence of the same functional group
Define functional group:
The atom/group of atoms, responsible for the characteristic reactions of a compound
Define structural formula:
The structural formula of an organic molecule shows how all the groups of atoms are arranged in the structure
Ex. Ethanol CH3CH2OH
Define intermolecular forces:
The weak attractive forces that act between molecules
Define structural isomerism:
A property of compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural formula
The individual compounds are known as structural isomers
Define esters:
A family of organic compounds formed by esterification, characterized by strong and pleasant tastes, and smells
