Ch16 Extraction And Corrosion Of Metals Flashcards
Define ore:
A naturally occurring mineral from which a metal can be extracted
Define electrolysis:
The breakdown of an ionic compound, molten/in aqueous solution, by the use of electricity
Define limestone:
A form of calcium carbonate
(CaCO₃)
Define mineral:
A naturally occurring rock containing a particular compound
Define slag:
A molten mixture of impurities, mainly calcium silicate, formed in the blast furnace
Define hematite:
The major ore of iron, iron(III) oxide
Define blast furnace:
Furnace for extracting metals (particularly iron) by reduction with carbon that uses hot air blasted in at the base of the furnace to raise the temperature
Define corrosion:
The process that takes place when metals and alloys are chemically attacked by oxygen, water/any other substances found in the immediate environment
Define bauxite:
The major ore of aluminum
A form of aluminum oxide Al₂O₃
Define electrolyte:
An ionic compound that will conduct electricity when it is molten/dissolved in water
Electrolytes will not conduct electricity when solid
Define cryolite:
Sodium aluminum fluoride (Na₃AlF₆)
An ore of aluminium used in the extraction of aluminium to lower the operating temperature of the electrolytic cell;
now replaced by synthetic sodium aluminium fluoride produced from the common mineral fluorite
Define electrolytic cell:
Cell consisting of an electrolyte, and two electrodes (anode and cathode)
connected to an external DC power source
positive and negative ions in the electrolyte are separated and discharged
Define rusting:
The corrosion of iron and steel to form rust (hydrated iron(III) oxide)
Define galvanizing:
The protection of iron and steel objects by coating with a layer of zinc
Define sacrificial protection:
A method of rust protection involving
the attachment of blocks of a metal more reactive than iron to a structure
This metal is corroded rather than the iron/steel structure
