Ch18 Flashcards
1
Q
Discuss the theories of aging and how caloric restriction may serve to prolong life.
A
- Programmed aging theories
- Hayflicks theory: limited cell replication
- Molecular clock theory: telomere of end of chromosomes mark time by getting short until they cannot replicate. - Wear and tear theories
- Oxidative stress theory: oxidative damage to cells increase age.
- Rate of living theory: faster-living results in faster aging e.g. there is finite numbers of breaths and heart beats.
Caloric restriction
- Maybe because it leads to changes in cell signaling pathways that cause rewiring in physiological aging process.
2
Q
Is weight gain with aging inevitable? Discuss ways to maintain lean body mass as one ages.
A
- Weight gain is not inevitable. However, aging is associated with loss in lean body mass, even if weight is stable, which leads to loss of muscle. In addition, fat shifts and visceral fat increases.
- Physical activity can delay progression to disease. Aerobic and strength training exercise increases lean muscle mass and bone density.
3
Q
Discuss the changes in thirst as people age. What have researchers found when studying older vs younger men and what is the mechanism behind this change.
A
- Eldery dont notice thirst as clearly and young as thirst-regulating mechanisms are less effective. Dehydration occurs quick and rehydration is less effective because of reduced water conservation capacity.
- After fluid deprivation, young men reported being thirst and having dry mouth where older men didn’t. Younger people made up for fluid loss in 24 hours, while older people didn’t drink enough.
4
Q
Discuss 5 questions important to determine protein adequacy for an individuals elderly adult. Identify 3 of top 5 protein sources.
A
- How much protein will meet individual needs?
- Are enough calories eaten so protein doesn’t have to be used for energy?
- Is protein high quality?
- Is there additional need of protein e.g. wound healing
- In the individual exercising
Eggs, meat, and milk.
