Ch.16 Evolution

Question 0

Theory

Answer 0

A hypothesis- a collection of many facts pointing to the same outcome.

Question 1

Is evolution a theory

Does that mean its not facts?

Answer 1

Yes.

It is still a fact

Question 2

Fossils impact on evolution

Answer 2

Showed change over time as well as the general time each species existed

Question 3

Charles Darwin

Answer 3

English, wealthy, studied to become a doctor but couldn’t do it then wanted to become a clergy man but ended up on a voyage.

Question 4

Boat Darwin was on

Answer 4

Beagle

Question 5

Darwin and geology

Answer 5

He studied geology and knew that overtime the earth changed, earthquakes made mountains etc. so why doesn’t the same thing apply to humans

Question 6

Succession of those

Answer 6

Replacement of traits by better ones overtime

Question 7

Artificial selection

Answer 7

Only allowing the best to breed, humans selecting preferable traits to breed in live stock and plants

(Why can’t nature do the same type of selecting)

Question 8

Why were the Galapagos interesting

Answer 8

They were made from volcano so the life must have immigrated there. But none of the animals here were the same as the ones on the mainland, they were variations, they had changed and EVOLVED over time

Question 9

Finches on Galapagos

Answer 9

Only one type of finch on main land but many types in the islands
The main one must have changed to match the different climates in each island

Question 10

Alfred Wallace

Answer 10

A naturalist at the same time as Darwin with the same ideas. They published an essay together.

Question 11

Overproduction

Answer 11

Animals tend to reproduce more than they need to because only a few survive

Question 12

Variation

Answer 12

Differences in animals of the same species

If something effects one it might not effect them all because they are different

Question 13

Natural selection

Answer 13

Over time better traits cause certain organisms to be more fit (able to reproduce) therefore they pass down their traits and over time that triathlon becomes dominant

Question 14

NOT JUST SURVIVAL OF THE FITEST

Answer 14

The survivors are the most fit and therefore have more offspring

Question 15

Evolution

Answer 15

The changing of traits in organisms over multiple generations

Question 16

Do individuals evolve

Answer 16

No populations do (over multiple generations)

Question 17

What creates variation

Answer 17

Mutations

Question 18

The Origin of species

-2 main points

Answer 18

Darwin’s book explaining evolution

• today’s species were derived from a common ancestor
• natural selection was the way these changes occured

Question 19

Natural theology

Answer 19

The study of species traits as the creator designed them

Question 20

Jean Lamark

Answer 20

Believed body parts used Korea often became larger and stronger and these bigger parts were passed on to the next generation

Question 21

Fossils

Answer 21

Preserved impressions of organisms that lived in the past

Question 22

Fossil record

Answer 22

The ordered array in which fossils appear in sedimentary rocks
(Oldest on bottom, youngest on top)

Question 23

Fossils are made only of

Answer 23

The hard parts

Question 24

Trace fossils

Answer 24

Impressions made into rocks by organisms activities (foot prints, burrows)

Question 25

Radiometric (Carbon) dating

Answer 25

Measures the amount of carbon 14 in an organism because it decays over time so the less there is the older the animal is.

Question 26

Homologous structures

Answer 26

Anatomical similarities are evident of a common descendent

Question 27

Vestigial organs

Answer 27

Organs that are not useful but still exist in organisms

Are showing of the ancestors and their needs

Question 28

Embryonic development

Answer 28

Embryos are very similar in different animals

Question 29

What are some evidence of evolution

Answer 29

• common embryonic development
• vestigial organs
• carbon dating
• fossils
• very similar DNA sequences
• homologous organs

Question 30

What 3 patterns of biodiversity did Darwin note?

Answer 30

1. Species vary locally
2. Species vary globally
3. There is variety in species