Ch15 DNA, RNA and protein synthesis

Question 1

gene

Answer 1

a section of DNA that codes for a particular protein

Question 2

allele

Answer 2

an alternative form of a gene

Question 3

gene expression

Answer 3

process of converting the information in a gene into a protein

Question 4

diploid

Answer 4

when a cell has two copies of each chromosome

Question 5

haploid

Answer 5

when a cell has only one copy of each chromosome or gene

Question 6

non-coding DNA (introns)

Answer 6

is an area of a chromosome that does not produce a protein

Question 7

replication

Answer 7

production of an identical copy of the DNA in a cell

Question 8

DNA profilling

Answer 8

is the process of making a pattern of bands from a person’s DNA with other DNA patterns

Question 9

genetic screening

Answer 9

is the testing of people to see whether they have a specific gene

Question 10

transcription

Answer 10

is the copying of a section of DNA, a gene, into mRNA

Question 11

translation

Answer 11

manufacture of protein based on the sequence of bases on the mRNA

Question 12

translation

Answer 12

manufacture of protein based on the sequence of bases on the mRNA