Ch1 - Questions Flashcards
What are the 4 types of health?
- Physical Health
- Mental and Emotional Health
- Spiritual Health
- Social Health
What does the placenta do for the baby?
Acts as the intestines, the lungs, and the kidneys for the baby.
What is the fastest growing period of the life of a person?
Birth to 18-months.
- Weight triples
- Height doubles
- Motor Skills
- Some words
What hormone is produced in males?
Testosterone
Compare and contrast an embryo and a fetus.
Both are stages of a developing new life.
The cluster of cells is called an embryo from the time of implantation until near the end of the second month. A fetus (from near the end of the second month until birth) is recognizable as a miniature baby.
Analyze the following symptoms and conditions to determine which endocrine gland may not be functioning properly.
1) Excess sugar in the urine
2) abnormally slow metabolism
3) insomnia
4) dwarfism
1) islets of Langerhans
2) thyroid gland
3) pineal gland
4) pituitary gland
List the three main functions of the digestive system?
- Digestion of foods
- Absorption of nutrients
- Elimination of wastes
Name the three electrolytes
- Potassium
- Chlorine
- Sodium
What is the major function of the stomach?
To store food and release it as chime into the small intestine for further digestion.
What does the villi do?
Provides a large surface area for absorption.
What are the main functions of the colon?
1) Absorption of water
2) Elimination of waste
Be able to trace food through the digestive tract.
Oral cavity (including teeth & tongue), pharynx, epiglottis, esophagus, stomach small intestine, colon, rectum.
What organs are important to digestion but food does not enter them?
Liver, pancreas, and gallbladder.
What are the two main parts of the tooth?
Crown and root
Compare and contrast saturated and unsaturated fats.
Saturated Fats
- thicker
- solid at room temperature
- Mainly animal fats
- Hold many hydrogen atoms
Unsaturated Fats
- thinner / more oil
- liquid a room temperature
- mainly plant fats
- Hold fewer hydrogen atoms
What are the 6 basic nutrients?
- Carbohydrates
- Proteins
- Fats
- Vitamins
- Minerals
- Water
Name 5 ways to help keep your blood cholesterol low.
- Maintain your recommended body weight.
- Increase daily intake of soluble fiber.
- Reduce fat intake (especially saturated).
- Exercise regularly.
- Do not smoke.
What are the 3 macronutrients?
- Carbohydrates
- Proteins
- Fats
What are some Simple Carbohydrates and Complex Carbohydrates?
Simple Carbohydrates:
- Examples are monosaccharides and disaccharides
- sugars (-ose)
Complex Carbohydrates:
- Example is polysaccharides
- bread, cereals, pasta
How much of your diet is carbohydrates?
45-65%
How much of your diet is protein?
10-30%
Explain Fats and Oils
- Made of fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule
- Typical at molecules are triglycerides (3 fatty acids)
- Saturated and unsaturated
Should you eat food with a lot of hydrogenated oil? Why or why not?
No.
Hydrogenated oils are not good for your body. They can cause cancer at high levels.
What part of your diet should be fats?
25-35%
