Ch1-4

Question 1

Describe the trend for Atomic radius

Answer 1

Atomic radius- As we moved from left to right it decreases

Atomic radius INCREASES as LEFT across, and DOWN a group

Question 2

trend for Ionization energy

Answer 2

First Ionization Energy- amount of energy needed to remove least tightly bound electron from isolated atom
IE1 increases as move from left to RIGHT across period and as or UP a group
Second Ionization Energy- energy needed to remove least tightly bound electron from cation (X+)
IE2 > IE1

Question 3

Define Electron affinity

Answer 3

EA- energy associated with adding an electron to isolated atom
EA more negative as you move RIGHT across table and UP
energy released- EA is negative
energy required to add electron- EA positive
Halogens- largely EA negative
Alkaline earth and noble gases- EA positive

Question 4

Define Electronegativity and trend

Answer 4

EN- measure of atom’s ability to pull electrons to itself.
Remember FONCLBRISCH (order of most electronegative)
EN increases from left to RIGHT and increases as you go UP in periodic table

Question 5

Define acidity and trend

Answer 5

acidity- how well compound donates protons, accepts electrons and lowers pH.
ease with which acid donates H+, determines stability of conjugate base (X-)
Acidity increases from left to RIGHT across and DOWN a group

Question 6

What is the Molarity and density of water ?

Answer 6

Pure water has a concentration of 55 M and density of 1 kg/L. 55 moles of water represent 1 L (1 kg)
22.5 moles of water represent 0.5 L (0.5 kg)

Question 7

How do you calculate dilution problems ?

Answer 7

dilution problems the concentration (C) times the volume (V) of all the solutions before mixing must equal the concentration times the volume of the final solution:
ex:

(CV)Soln 1 + (CV)Soln 2 = (CV)Final soln

(0.02 M)(15 mL) + (0.04 M)(10 mL) = C(25 mL)

0.028 M = C

Question 8

How many mL are in 1 cm^?

Answer 8

1 cm^3= 1 mL