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Neuroscience > Ch1-2 Fundamental Neuroscience > Flashcards

Ch1-2 Fundamental Neuroscience Flashcards

1
Q

Synaptolemma

A

paramembranous site of transmitter release and response.

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2
Q

Neutropil

A

relatively acellular areas of synaptic connections.

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3
Q

Cation

A

Positively charged ion

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4
Q

Anion

A

Negatively charged ion

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5
Q

Intron

A

Noncoding section of genome. May regulate how the genome is expressed.

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6
Q

Epigenetic

A

the study of heritable changes in gene expression caused by mechanisms other than changes in the underlying DNA sequence

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7
Q

Effector cell

A

The muscle, gland or organ cell capable of responding to a stimulus at the terminal end of an efferent neuron or motor neuron.

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8
Q

Afferent info

A

Sensory info

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9
Q

Efferent info

A

Motor info

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10
Q

How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?

A

23

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11
Q

How is it possible to create a complex human from so few genes?

A

richness of proteins is probably based on modifications during transcription or after the translation of the intermediate messenger RNA

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12
Q

What are 2 cytoplasmic extensions neurons have?

A

dendrites and axons

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13
Q

What are some neurons that lack a clear axon?

A

amacrine cells

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14
Q

Why is hydra’s nerve net atypical?

A

Cnidarian nerve nets have omnidirectional flow.

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15
Q

Marcello Malpighi?

A

17th century founder of histology

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16
Q
  1. Which neurotransmitter systems have been incorporated into models of CNS since the 50s?
A

cholinergic and noradrenergic systems

17
Q
  1. What may have been the single most enduring contribution of 19th century neurohistology?
A

Golgi’s silver impregnation method

18
Q
  1. What is the difference between sympathetic ANS
A

fight or flight

19
Q

parasympathetic ANS

A

rest and digest

20
Q

commisures

A

connect opposite hemispheres of the brain that have the same or related function

21
Q

decussations

A

axon bundles connecting very different structures on opposite hemispheres

22
Q
  1. The parts of the vertebrate nervous system are named for their ______ and _______.
A

Appearance, Location

Neuroscience (12 decks)

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