Ch1-2 Fundamental Neuroscience Flashcards
Synaptolemma
paramembranous site of transmitter release and response.
Neutropil
relatively acellular areas of synaptic connections.
Cation
Positively charged ion
Anion
Negatively charged ion
Intron
Noncoding section of genome. May regulate how the genome is expressed.
Epigenetic
the study of heritable changes in gene expression caused by mechanisms other than changes in the underlying DNA sequence
Effector cell
The muscle, gland or organ cell capable of responding to a stimulus at the terminal end of an efferent neuron or motor neuron.
Afferent info
Sensory info
Efferent info
Motor info
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?
23
How is it possible to create a complex human from so few genes?
richness of proteins is probably based on modifications during transcription or after the translation of the intermediate messenger RNA
What are 2 cytoplasmic extensions neurons have?
dendrites and axons
What are some neurons that lack a clear axon?
amacrine cells
Why is hydra’s nerve net atypical?
Cnidarian nerve nets have omnidirectional flow.
Marcello Malpighi?
17th century founder of histology
- Which neurotransmitter systems have been incorporated into models of CNS since the 50s?
cholinergic and noradrenergic systems
- What may have been the single most enduring contribution of 19th century neurohistology?
Golgi’s silver impregnation method
- What is the difference between sympathetic ANS
fight or flight
parasympathetic ANS
rest and digest
commisures
connect opposite hemispheres of the brain that have the same or related function
decussations
axon bundles connecting very different structures on opposite hemispheres
- The parts of the vertebrate nervous system are named for their ______ and _______.
Appearance, Location
