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Neuroscience > Ch 7 Neurotransmitter signaling > Flashcards

Ch 7 Neurotransmitter signaling Flashcards

1
Q

paracrine signalling

A

target cell is near the signaling cell

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2
Q

Glutamate

A

neurotransmitter important for learning and memory

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3
Q

GABA

A

inhibitory neurotransmitter

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4
Q

What are nonclassical transmitters made of?

A

peptides or gases

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5
Q

Substance P

A

peptide neurotransmitter– involved in pain signaling and mood disorders

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6
Q

neuropeptide Y

A

peptide neurotransmitter– increases food intake

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7
Q

bombesin

A

peptide neurotransmitter– decreases food intake

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8
Q

somatostatin

A

peptide neurotransmitter– regulates growth hormone release

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9
Q

Why are most synapses chemical?

A

presynaptic spike of 100mV could only transfer 1 mV over a gap junction

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10
Q

small clear vesicles store which neurotransmitters?

A

acetylcholine and glutamate

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11
Q

large dense vesicles store which neurotransmitters?

A

peptides

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12
Q

varicosities

A

like boutans that occur along fine axons

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13
Q

quantal content

A

the amount of vesicles released by a single impulse

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14
Q

How do calcium channels aid in transmission?

A

Vesicles require calcium for fusion

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15
Q

What does Ca2+ do in transmitter release?

A

electrical depolarization causes calcium to enter to bind to vesicles to trigger exocytosis

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16
Q

why are peptide vesicles released very slowly?

A

peptides must be synthesized in the ER

17
Q

syntaxin

A

protein critical for some vesicle fusion

18
Q

SNAP receptor (SNARE) complex: 3 synaptic proteins?

A

VAMP, syntaxin, synaptosome protein SNAP 25

19
Q

What do SNAREs do?

A

Something after the arrival of a vesicle to release site, but before the fusion pore opens

20
Q

NSF

A

N-Ethylmaleimide Sensitive Factor, an dATPase invloved in membrane trafficking

21
Q

leading candidate for being the CA2+ trigger for exocytosis

A

synaptotagmin

22
Q

Katz model

A

Action potential causes fusion of synaptic vesicles, quanta released

Neuroscience (12 decks)

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