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Marine Science > Ch 9 Part 3 Test > Flashcards

Ch 9 Part 3 Test Flashcards

1
Q

endoskeleton

A

skeleton made with tissue; spines covered by a thin layer of tissue

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2
Q

water vascular system

A

unique to exoskeleton; hydraulic system that functions in locomotion, feeding, gas exchange, and excretion

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3
Q

madreporite

A

1st part of water vascular system water enters through and then passes through a system of canals that run throughout the animal’s body

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4
Q

tube feet

A

2nd part of the water vascular system; extensions and extend

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5
Q

ampullae

A

3rd part of the water vascular system; muscular sacs, opposite tube feet inside the organism.

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6
Q

seastars phylum and class

A

encindermata; class Asteroidea

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7
Q

ambulacral grooves

A

several hundred tube feet on their oral surface protruding from channels on each arm

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8
Q

duocells

A

cells that secrete a sticky adhesive. The same cells then can produce a substance that will dissolve the adhesive

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9
Q

seastars endoskeleton

A

CaCO3 interconnected plates; flexible

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10
Q

pedicellariae

A

pincer like structures on aboral surface; keeps it clean

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11
Q

seastar feeding behavior

A

carnivore; eat bivalves by pulling its shell apart and then extruding its stomach out into the shell digesting the bivalve internally; some are scavengers

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12
Q

where are seastars found

A

rocky intertidal zones, coral reefs, attached to surfaces

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13
Q

brittle stars phylum and class

A

encindermata; ophiuroidea

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14
Q

ossicles

A

found in brittle stars; skeletal plates that aid in flexibility

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15
Q

brittle stars feeding behavior

A

deposit and suspension feeders

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16
Q

where are brittle stars found?

A

rocky intertidal, reefs, and mud/sand

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17
Q

sea urchin and sand dollar phylum and class

A

encindermata; echinoidea

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18
Q

sea urchin and sand dollar characteristics

A

endoskeleton forms a round rigid test with moveable spines and pedicellariae

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19
Q

how do sea urchins and sand dollars move?

A

by spines and tube feet

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20
Q

sea urchin feeding behavior

A

have big appetites and graze on algae and seaweed. They wipe out large kelp beds when they have population explosions

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21
Q

Aristotle’s Lantern

A

sea urchins’s jaws and teeth used to bite algae

22
Q

Where are sea urchins found

A

rocky intertidal, kelp beds, some in coral reefs

23
Q

sand dollars and heart urchins feeding behavior

A

deposit or suspension feeders; uses tube feet to get food particles out of water column and into mouth

24
Q

where are sand dollars and heart urchins found?

A

sandy bottoms

25
Q

sea cucumbers phylum and class

A

encindermata; holothuroidea

26
Q

sea cucumbers symmetry

A

lack radial symmetry

27
Q

sea cucumber endoskeleton

A

microscopic, calcareous spicules

28
Q

sea cucumber respiration

A

have respiratory trees which branch from the aboral region and exchange gases with water

29
Q

sea cucumber defensive mechanism

A

some can secrete toxins and all can eject their intestines

30
Q

cuvierian tubes

A

branch from the base of respitory trees; they inflate

31
Q

evisceration

A

ejects its intestines out of their mouth and predator feeds on those while sea cucumber crawls away

32
Q

crinoids examples

A

feather stars and sea lilies

33
Q

crinoids phylum and class

A

encindermata; crinoidea

34
Q

crinoids feeding behavior

A

suspension feeders: use tube feet to snap food particles

35
Q

where are feather stars found

A

shallow to deep bottom; nocturnal - crawl around hard surfaces only during the night in search of food

36
Q

where are sea lilies found

A

deep water; sessile

37
Q

automize

A

brittle stars can cast off limbs like lizards

38
Q

What defines a chordate?

A
  1. nerve cord
  2. gill slits
  3. notochord
  4. sometimes a tail
39
Q

Tunicates phylum and subphylum

A

chordata; urochordata

40
Q

Tunicates examples

A

sea squirts and salps

41
Q

tunicates are found

A

attatched to substrates

42
Q

feeding behavior of tunicates

A

filter feeders with incurrent and excurrent siphon

43
Q

Why are tunicates in the phylum chordata

A

As larva they have a notochord and nerve cord which is later absorbed as an adult called retroagressive metaorphisis

44
Q

Lancelets phylum and subphylum

A

chordata; cephalochordata

45
Q

why aren’t lancelets considered fish?

A

lack a backbone

46
Q

Where are lancelets found?

A

buried in sand

47
Q

lancelets feeding behavior

A

filter feeders using gill slits to filter

48
Q

nerve cord

A

a dorsal hollow nereve cord

49
Q

gill slits

A

small openings along the anterior of the gut

50
Q

notochord

A

flexible rod for support

Marine Science (9 decks)

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